KAPASITAS KELEMBAGAAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH DALAM MENANGANI KEKERASAN SEKSUAL DIGITAL TERHADAP PEREMPUAN

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Online Gender-Based Violence (OGBV) has become one of the fastest-growing forms of gender-based violence alongside the rapid expansion of digital technology and social media use. This phenomenon poses significant challenges for local governments in delivering responsive, integrated, and adaptive protection services for women. Although Indonesia has established legal frameworks to address sexual violence, studies examining the institutional capacity of local governments in responding to digital sexual violence at the local level remain limited. This study aims to analyze the institutional capacity of local governments in addressing digital sexual violence against women in Gunungkidul Regency by focusing on four key dimensions: resources, governance, cross-sectoral coordination, and institutional adaptive capacity. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis conducted at the Regional Technical Implementation Unit for the Protection of Women and Children (UPTD PPA) of Gunungkidul Regency and relevant stakeholder institutions. The data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model, while source triangulation was applied to ensure data credibility. The findings reveal that institutional capacity has been established through the availability of human resources, governance mechanisms aligned with existing regulations, inter-agency coordination, and the utilization of digital technology in service delivery. However, several challenges remain, including uneven staff competencies in managing electronic evidence, the need to strengthen procedures for handling digital violence cases, improving personal data protection, and enhancing cross-sectoral coordination. These findings demonstrate that the effectiveness of responses to digital sexual violence depends not only on the existence of legal regulations but also on the ability of local government institutions to develop integrated, responsive, and adaptive governance in line with the evolving digital environment.

ABSTRAK

Kekerasan seksual digital atau Online Gender-Based Violence (OGBV) menjadi salah satu bentuk kekerasan berbasis gender yang mengalami peningkatan seiring berkembangnya pemanfaatan teknologi digital dan media sosial. Kondisi tersebut menuntut pemerintah daerah memiliki kapasitas kelembagaan yang mampu memberikan perlindungan secara cepat, terpadu, dan adaptif terhadap kebutuhan korban. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kapasitas kelembagaan pemerintah daerah dalam penanganan kekerasan seksual digital terhadap perempuan di Kabupaten Gunungkidul dengan menitikberatkan pada dimensi sumber daya, tata kelola, koordinasi lintas sektor, dan kapasitas adaptif lembaga. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi di Unit Pelaksana Teknis Daerah Perlindungan Perempuan dan Anak (UPTD PPA) Kabupaten Gunungkidul serta instansi terkait, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif Miles dan Huberman dengan pengujian keabsahan melalui triangulasi sumber. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas kelembagaan telah terbentuk melalui dukungan sumber daya manusia, prosedur layanan yang mengacu pada regulasi, koordinasi antarlembaga, dan pemanfaatan teknologi dalam pelayanan. Meskipun demikian, masih ditemukan beberapa kendala, antara lain belum meratanya kompetensi petugas dalam pengelolaan bukti elektronik, perlunya penguatan prosedur penanganan kasus digital, optimalisasi perlindungan data korban, serta peningkatan koordinasi lintas sektor. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa efektivitas penanganan kekerasan seksual digital tidak hanya bergantung pada keberadaan regulasi, tetapi juga pada kapasitas kelembagaan yang terintegrasi, responsif, dan mampu beradaptasi terhadap dinamika perkembangan teknologi digital.