ERROR ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH CAPTIONS ON INSTAGRAM: A STUDY OF GRAMMATICAL, LEXICAL, AND PRAGMATIC ERRORS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/language.v6i3.12528Keywords:
Analisis Kesalahan, Caption Instagram, Kesalahan Gramatikal, Kesalahan Leksikal, Kompetensi PragmatikAbstract
Penelitian ini mengkaji kesalahan kebahasaan yang ditemukan dalam caption berbahasa Inggris di Instagram dengan berfokus pada aspek gramatikal, leksikal, dan pragmatik. Penelitian menggunakan desain deskriptif kualitatif, dengan data yang dikumpulkan dari caption yang ditulis oleh mahasiswa sebagai penutur non-asli bahasa Inggris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesalahan gramatikal merupakan jenis kesalahan yang paling dominan, khususnya pada penggunaan verba dan struktur kalimat, diikuti oleh kesalahan leksikal dan pragmatik. Kesalahan-kesalahan tersebut sebagian besar dipengaruhi oleh interferensi bahasa pertama, overgeneralisasi, dan keterbatasan paparan terhadap penggunaan bahasa Inggris yang autentik. Penelitian ini berargumen bahwa media sosial, meskipun sering dianggap sebagai ruang komunikasi informal, mencerminkan produksi bahasa yang nyata sehingga memberikan wawasan berharga mengenai perkembangan interlanguage pembelajar. Temuan penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa integrasi media sosial ke dalam pembelajaran bahasa dapat meningkatkan kesadaran pembelajar terhadap ketepatan (accuracy) dan kesesuaian penggunaan (appropriateness) bahasa Inggris.
This study examines linguistic errors found in English captions on Instagram, focusing on grammatical, lexical, and pragmatic aspects. The research employs a qualitative descriptive design, with data collected from captions written by students as non-native speakers of English. The findings reveal that grammatical errors are the most dominant, particularly in verb usage and sentence structure, followed by lexical and pragmatic errors. These errors are largely influenced by first language interference, overgeneralization, and limited exposure to authentic English use. The study argues that social media, while often perceived as informal, reflects genuine language production and therefore offers valuable insights into learners’ interlanguage development. The findings suggest that integrating social media into language instruction can enhance learners’ awareness of both accuracy and appropriateness in English usage.
Downloads
References
Alfadda, H., Afzaal, M., Mahdi, H., Alaudan, R., & Curle, S. (2022). Influence of psychological autonomy support of peer instruction: A novel interactive approach using Instagram in language learning. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 866354. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.866354
Alghamdi, G. M. A. (2022). Investigating the Effect and Students' Perceptions of Using Instagram as a Writing Teaching Tool in Saudi EFL Classrooms. English Language Teaching, 15(8), 46-54. https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/elt/article/view/0/47578
Al-Hoorie, A. H., & Hiver, P. (2024). The validation crisis in the L2 motivational self system tradition. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 46(2), 307-329. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0272263123000487
Barrot, J. S. (2022). Social media as a language learning environment: a systematic review of the literature (2008-2019). Computer assisted language learning, 35(9), 2534-2562. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2021.1883673
Bygstad, B., Øvrelid, E., Ludvigsen, S., & Dæhlen, M. (2022). From dual digitalization to digital learning space: Exploring the digital transformation of higher education. Computers & Education, 182, 104463. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360131522000343
Chen, J., Dai, J., Zhu, K., & Xu, L. (2022). Effects of extended reality on language learning: A meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 1016519. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1016519
Ginting, D. P. B., Pakpahan, C., & Susanti, S. (2026). An Analysis Of Grammatical Errors Made By English Education Students In Writing Instagram Captions. Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Pendidikan (JKIP), 7(3), 1596-1620. https://doi.org/10.55583/jkip.v7i3.2283
Hand, C. J., Rodriguez-Cuadrado, S., & Ingram, J. (2023). Language and the digital frontier. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1305863. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1305863
Hanifatus, R., Faiza, D., & Rosyidah, N. (2022). The Types of Grammatical Errors on Instagram Captions Written by K-Popers. Educalitra: English Education, Linguistics, and Literature Journal, 1(2), 49-62. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12798757
https://doi.org/10.1111/modl.12791
Jassim, L. L. (2023). Social Media and Learning: Instagram Effectiveness Study in English Learning. Journal of Tikrit University for Humanities, 30(12, 2), 215–223. https://doi.org/10.25130/jtuh.30.12.2.2023.21
Karakaya, K., & Bozkurt, A. (2022). Mobile-assisted language learning (MALL) research trends and patterns through bibliometric analysis: Empowering language learners through ubiquitous educational technologies. System, 110, 102925. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2022.102925
Lai, C., & Wang, Q. (2025). Profiles of media use purpose in informal digital learning of English and their association with vocabulary knowledge. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 1-31. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2025.2501705
Lai, Y., Saab, N., & Admiraal, W. (2022). Learning strategies in self-directed language learning using mobile technology in higher education: A systematic scoping review. Education and Information Technologies, 27(6), 7749-7780. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-10945-5
Lee, Y. J. (2023). Language learning affordances of Instagram and TikTok. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 17(2), 408–423. https://doi.org/10.1080/17501229.2022.2051517
Li, B. (2022). Boosting EFL learners’ commitment and enjoyment in language learning through social networking: A literature review. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 999586. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.999586
Lin, V., Yeh, H. C., & Chen, N. S. (2022). A systematic review on oral interactions in robot-assisted language learning. Electronics, 11(2), 290. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11020290
Muluk, S., Muzakki, M. F., & Hanani, F. (2025). Investigating Instagram In English Language Learning: Experiences Of Indonesian University Students. Jurnal Ilmiah Didaktika: Media Ilmiah Pendidikan dan Pengajaran, 25(2), 153-163. https://doi.org/10.22373/jid.v25i2.24860
Nasution, A. K. P. (2022). Social Media Used In Language Learning: Benefits And Challenges. Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Teaching (JLLLT), 1(2), 59–68. https://doi.org/10.37249/jlllt.v1i2.396
Pawlak, M., & Kruk, M. (2025). Instruction in Grammar Learning Strategies: Exploring Learners’ Response. RELC Journal, 00336882251369172. https://doi.org/10.1177/00336882251369172
Pikhart, M., Klimova, B., & Al-Obaydi, L. H. (2024, July). Exploring university students’ preferences and satisfaction in utilizing digital tools for foreign language learning. In Frontiers in Education (Vol. 9, p. 1412377). Frontiers Media SA. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2024.1412377
Qi, X., & Chen, Z. (2025). A systematic review of technology integration in developing L2 pragmatic competence. Education Sciences, 15(2), 172. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci15020172
Rasyiid, R. N., Maulina, M., Resueňo, C. P., Nasrullah, R., & Rusli, T. I. (2021). Instagram Usage in Learning English: A Literature Review. Tell : Teaching of English Language and Literature Journal, 9(2), 133–146. https://doi.org/10.30651/tell.v9i2.9482
Rizal, D. (2021). Instagram as a medium for teaching and learning English: A qualitative systematic review. ELLITE: Journal of English Language, Literature, and Teaching, 6(2), 112-119. https://doi.org/10.25130/jtuh.30.12.2.2023.21
Sato, M., & Loewen, S. (2022). The research–practice dialogue in second language learning and teaching: Past, present, and future. The Modern Language Journal, 106(3), 509-527.
Shadiev, R., Wen, Y., Uosaki, N., & Song, Y. (2023). Future language learning with emerging technologies. Journal of Computers in Education, 10(3), 463-467. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40692-023-00285-9
Teng, C., Heydarnejad, T., Hasan, M. K., Omar, A., & Sarabani, L. (2022). Mobile assisted language learning in learning English through social networking tools: An account of Instagram feed-based tasks on learning grammar and attitude among English as a foreign language learners. Frontiers in psychology, 13, 1012004. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1012004
Utari, D. A. D., & Utami, N. M. V. (2026). Understanding Translation Errors in Social Media@ Wonderfullindonesia Instagram Captions. IDEAS: Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Literature, 14(1), 2898-2911. https://doi.org/10.24256/ideas.v14i1.7834
Wang, H., Wang, M., & Li, G. (2022). The use of social media inside and outside the classroom to enhance students’ engagement in EFL contexts. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 1005313. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1005313
Wardoyo, A. T., Rais, B., & Yunia, A. E. (2023). Error analysis in social media caption: a study on Instagram. Journal of English Language and Pedagogy (JELPA), 1(1), 36–44. https://doi.org/10.51826/jelpa.v1i1.748
Zhang, R., Zou, D., & Cheng, G. (2024). Technology-enhanced language learning with null and negative results since 2000: A systematic review based on the activity theory. Education and Information Technologies, 29(4), 5017-5077. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-11993-1
Zhang, Y., & Papi, M. (2021). Motivation and second language pragmatics: A regulatory focus perspective. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 753605. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.753605
Zhao, X., & Yang, Y. (2023). Impact of social media-supported flipped classroom on English as a foreign language learners’ writing performance and anxiety. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 1052737. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1052737
Zhao, Z., Wang, X., Ismail, S. M., Hasan, M. K., & Hashemifardnia, A. (2022). Social media and academic success: Impacts of using telegram on foreign language motivation, foreign language anxiety, and attitude toward learning among EFL learners. Frontiers in psychology, 13, 996577. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.996577
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Aisyah Amru, Nasywa sakinah, Nadia Wulandari, Izzati Amirah Sari, Siti Ismahani
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
