TRANSPORTASI UDARA DALAM PERSFEKTIF FIQH
Keywords:
Transportasi Udara, Fikih Kontemporer, Ibadah Dalam Perjalanan, Muamalah, Hukum IslamAbstract
ABSTRACT
Air transportation is part of modern technological development that influences various aspects of life, including the practice of worship and economic transactions in Islam. The advancement of aviation services has generated various fiqh-related issues, such as performing prayers on board aircraft, determining the direction of the qibla, adjusting prayer times, and regulating legal relationships between passengers and airline service providers. This study aims to analyze the fiqh perspective on the use of air transportation and its implications for religious practices and muamalah activities. The research employs a library research method with a normative approach through the examination of the Qur’an, Hadith, fiqh principles, and relevant literature. The findings indicate that the use of air transportation is permissible (mubah) because it provides significant benefits to society. In the context of worship, Islam offers legal concessions (rukhsah), including the performance of prayers according to one's ability and the utilization of technology to determine the qibla direction and prayer times accurately. In the context of muamalah, aviation services are permissible as long as they uphold the principles of justice, transparency, and safety. This study concludes that Islamic jurisprudence demonstrates flexibility in responding to developments in air transportation, enabling worship and muamalah activities to be carried out in accordance with Islamic principles.
ABSTRAK
Transportasi udara merupakan bagian dari perkembangan teknologi modern yang memengaruhi berbagai aspek kehidupan, termasuk pelaksanaan ibadah dan muamalah dalam Islam. Perkembangan layanan penerbangan menimbulkan berbagai persoalan fikih, seperti pelaksanaan salat di dalam pesawat, penentuan arah kiblat, penyesuaian waktu salat, serta hubungan hukum antara penumpang dan penyedia jasa penerbangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pandangan fikih terhadap penggunaan transportasi udara dan implikasinya dalam praktik ibadah serta muamalah. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dengan pendekatan normatif melalui kajian terhadap Al-Qur’an, hadis, kaidah fikih, dan literatur terkait. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan transportasi udara hukumnya mubah karena memberikan kemaslahatan bagi masyarakat. Dalam aspek ibadah, Islam memberikan keringanan (rukhsah) berupa pelaksanaan salat sesuai kemampuan serta pemanfaatan teknologi untuk menentukan arah kiblat dan waktu salat. Dalam aspek muamalah, layanan penerbangan diperbolehkan selama memenuhi prinsip keadilan, transparansi, dan keselamatan. Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahwa fikih memiliki fleksibilitas dalam merespons perkembangan transportasi udara sehingga pelaksanaan ibadah dan aktivitas muamalah tetap dapat berlangsung sesuai dengan prinsip syariat Islam.
References
Akmal, H., bin Lahuri, S., Ghozali, M., & Nurizal, N. (2021). Developing halal tourism guidance in Indonesia based on maqashid al-shari'a approach. Justicia Islamica, 18(2), 243–259. https://doi.org/10.21154/justicia.v18i2.2650
Ansori, I., Khairunnisa, D., Jayadi, H., & Puspitasari, D. K. (2025). Sustainable halal tourism development: Integrating Maqasid al-Shariah and ESG frameworks in Indonesia. Proceeding of International Annual Conference on Islamic Economy and Law, 4(1), 181–194. https://doi.org/10.21107/aciel.v4i1.819
Awalauddin, M., Amiruddin, K., Fadel, M., & Asti, M. J. (2023). The urgency of maq??id shar?a for halal tourism regulation in Indonesia. Al-Risalah Jurnal Ilmu Syariah dan Hukum, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.24252/al-risalah.vi.35026
Bowen, J., Hashimura, L. K., & Apostolides, S. L. (2026). The global air transport system. In Research Handbook on Air Transport Management (pp. 11–24). Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781035336289.00010
Darmalaksana, W., & Busro, B. (2021). Pariwisata halal perspektif ekonomi syariah: Studi takhrij hadis. Masyarakat Pariwisata: Journal of Community Services in Tourism, 2(2), 99–108. https://doi.org/10.34013/mp.v2i2.410
Dwi Vita Lestari Soehardi, Sri Sudiarti, & Marliyah. (2025). The paradigm of fiqh muamalah maliyah in the halal tourism ecosystem: Integration of maqashid syariah and sustainable business models. Brilliant International Journal of Management and Tourism, 5(2), 225–235. https://doi.org/10.55606/bijmt.v5i2.4689
Ekawaty, M., & Hanafiansyah, M. R. (2026). Beyond Muslim-friendly destinations: A PRISMA-based meta-analysis of Maqasid al-Shariah–oriented halal tourism and community welfare outcomes. American Journal of Economic and Management Business (AJEMB), 5(2), 283–285. https://doi.org/10.58631/ajemb.v5i2.424
El Hasan, S. S., Al Farisi, M. S., & Sandi, R. A. (2023). Halal tourism in Indonesia: Maqashid syariah perspective. In Proceeding International Conference on Economy, Management, and Business (Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 598–607).
Hidayah, Y. (2025). Modern halal tourism transformation towards sustainability and innovation through the implementation of halal lifestyle. Journal of Halal Review, 1(2), 85–101. https://doi.org/10.70764/gdpu-jhr.1(2)-02
Hussain, K., Sun, H., Ramzan, M., Mahmood, S., & Zubair Saeed, M. (2024). Interpretive structural modeling of barriers to sustainable tourism development: A developing economy perspective. Sustainability, 16(13), 5442. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16135442
Ismanto, K., Ghofur, A., & Fakir, F. Z. (2021). Developing halal tourism from Maqasid Sharia perspective. Hikmatuna: Journal for Integrative Islamic Studies, 6(2), 103–114. https://doi.org/10.28918/hikmatuna.v6i2.8768
Isnaini Harahap, Marliyah, Muhammad Habibi Siregar, Waizul Qarni, Esma Cetin, & Arifin, R. (2025). Muslim-friendly tourism as the implementation of Maqasid al-Shari’ah in the perspective of the Qur’an: A systematic literature review. Al-Quds: Jurnal Studi Alquran dan Hadis, 9(2), 453–474. https://doi.org/10.29240/alquds.v9i2.15080
Jabeen, S., Khan, N., Bhatti, S. H., Falahat, M., & Qureshi, M. I. (2025). Towards a sustainable halal tourism model: A systematic review of the integration of Islamic principles with global sustainability goals. Administrative Sciences, 15(9), 335. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15090335
Jiang, T., Gao, J., Zheng, X., & Liao, Y. E. (2024). Engendering prosociality through tourist-to-tourist interaction in religious tourism: An existential transformative perspective. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 32(12), 2442–2458. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2023.2277126
Khasanah, R. (2021). Analisis implementasi wisata halal dalam prespektif maqashid syariah. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa FEB, 9(2).
Mohd, N. S., Abdullah, U. N., Sawari, S. S. M., Jamaludin, M. A., Saffinee, S. S., & Alam, A. (2026). Muslim faith-based needs in tourism from the perspective of mobile services: A bibliometric analysis. Planning Malaysia, 24. https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v24i41.2021
Mustaqim, M., Hana, K. F., & Alimin, M. (2025). Muslim tourists’ perspectives on halal and Muslim-friendly tourism in South Korea. Indonesian Journal of Halal Research, 7(2), 138–155. https://doi.org/10.15575/ijhar.v7i2.45033
Muzammil, M. (2026). Pilgrimage tourism and hospitality in Makkah and Madinah: A global analysis through the lens of Islamic epistemology and maq??id al-shar??ah. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202601.0809.v1
Nugraha, A. (2025). Reformulation of the halal tourism approach: The perspective of Maqa?id Syari‘ah in a plural society. Tasfiyah: Journal of Islamic Law and Sharia Economics, 1(1), 44–59. https://doi.org/10.69836/tasfiyah.v1i1.352
Nurcahyo, S. A., Jannah, R., & Anis, M. (2024). Maqasid syariah management in realizing sustainable development goals: Perspective of the halal tourism industry. Journal of Digital Marketing and Halal Industry, 6(2), 175–192. https://doi.org/10.21580/jdmhi.2024.6.2.23093
Rachman, A., & Sangare, B. (2023). Impact of implementation of halal tourism in West Nusa Tenggara Province: Maqashid al-Sharia perspective. Justicia Islamica, 20(1), 17–36. https://doi.org/10.21154/justicia.v20i1.5173
Rahmad, M., & Hastriana, E. (2026). Halal tourism beyond labels: A systematic literature review of sustainability and inclusive practices in global halal tourism (2023–2026). HALAL—Journal of Halal & Muslim-Friendly Tourism, 1(1), 1–24.
Sodikin, S. (2023). Konsep parawisata halal perspektif Al-Qur’an dan maqashid syariah. IJMA (Indonesian Journal of Management and Accounting), 4(2), 438–447. https://doi.org/10.56174/pjieb.v2i1.27
Soonsan, N., & Jumani, Z. A. (2024). Perceptions of halal-friendly attributes: A quantitative study of tourists’ intention to travel non-Islamic destination. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 15(6), 1441–1460. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-07-2022-0204
Sumpena, M. (2025). Halal tourism development strategy as a sustainable economy driver based on maqashid syariah. Jurnal Justisia Ekonomika: Magister Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, 9(1), 1283–1302. https://doi.org/10.30651/justeko.v9i1.23198
Syah Putra, M. F., & Tucunan, K. P. (2021). The concept of halal tourism and the fulfillment of Muslim tourist needs in halal tourism. Halal Research Journal, 1(2), 56–62. https://doi.org/10.12962/j22759970.v1i2.52
Uriawan, W., Tarigan, M. F., Zebua, H. K., Andriansyah, M. N., Sukarya, M., & Haikal, M. R. (2025). E-commerce transactions in Islam: Fiqh muamalah on the validity of buying and selling on digital platforms. arXiv Preprint. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2601.02384
Wajdi, F., Dardin, R. F., Salamah, U., & Daulay, M. N. (2026). Halal tourism policy in the contemporary era: A maq??id al-shar??ah perspective on regulatory gaps. MILRev: Metro Islamic Law Review, 5(1), 247–270. https://doi.org/10.32332/milrev.v5i1.12529
Zhang, J., Xiong, K., Liu, Z., & He, L. (2022). Research progress and knowledge system of world heritage tourism: A bibliometric analysis. Heritage Science, 10(1), 42. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40494-022-00654-0
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Aisyah putri wahab piliang, Dinda Arisha, Sulham Efendi Hasibuan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
