PERAN CONSULTATION LIASON PSYCHIATRY SEBAGAI SUPPORT SYSTEM DALAM MEMBENTUK MEKANISME PERTAHANAN EGO (MPE) PADA PASIEN GIGANTOMACHIA SUSPEK TUMOR MAMMAE BILATERAL

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Acceptance of a serious medical diagnosis is a complex psychological process that often triggers various emotional responses. Ego defense mechanisms play an important role in helping individuals cope with psychological distress, while family support and the Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry (CLP) approach contribute to strengthening patients' adaptive capacity. This case report aimed to explore the patient's ego defense mechanisms and to describe the role of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry in facilitating psychological adjustment to a serious medical condition.This study employed a phenomenological case report approach. Data were collected through in-depth clinical interviews, clinical observation, mental status examination, medical record review, and psychological assessment using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and Karnofsky Performance Status. Data were analyzed descriptively to identify ego defense mechanisms, emotional responses, psychological adjustment, and the contribution of family support throughout the treatment process.The findings demonstrated that the patient predominantly exhibited mature ego defense mechanisms, particularly anticipation, sublimation, and humor, which facilitated adaptive psychological adjustment despite diagnostic uncertainty. Family support as a support system, together with Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry interventions through therapeutic communication, psychoeducation, and supportive psychotherapy, contributed to maintaining psychological stability and preventing the development of maladaptive defense mechanisms.In conclusion, mature ego defense mechanisms, supported by family involvement and Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry interventions, play an important role in improving patients' acceptance of diagnosis and psychological adaptation to serious illness. These findings highlight the importance of integrating a biopsychosocial approach into the management of patients with severe medical conditions.

ABSTRAK

Penerimaan diagnosis penyakit berat merupakan proses psikologis yang kompleks dan sering kali memunculkan berbagai respons emosional. Mekanisme Pertahanan Ego (MPE) berperan dalam membantu individu menghadapi tekanan psikologis, sedangkan dukungan keluarga dan pendekatan Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry (CLP) berkontribusi dalam memperkuat kemampuan adaptasi pasien terhadap kondisi penyakit. Laporan kasus ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi mekanisme pertahanan ego pada pasien dengan kondisi medis berat serta mendeskripsikan peran Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry dalam mendukung proses penyesuaian psikologis pasien.Penelitian ini merupakan laporan kasus dengan pendekatan fenomenologis. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara klinis mendalam, observasi klinis, pemeriksaan status mental, telaah rekam medis, serta penilaian menggunakan Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) dan Karnofsky Performance Status. Analisis dilakukan secara deskriptif untuk mengidentifikasi mekanisme pertahanan ego, respons emosional, proses psychological adjustment, serta peran dukungan keluarga selama proses perawatan.Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pasien mampu mempertahankan mekanisme pertahanan ego yang matur, terutama antisipasi, sublimasi, dan humor, sehingga tetap mampu beradaptasi secara positif terhadap ketidakpastian diagnosis. Dukungan keluarga sebagai support system serta intervensi Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry melalui komunikasi terapeutik, psikoedukasi, dan psikoterapi suportif berkontribusi dalam mempertahankan stabilitas psikologis pasien serta mencegah berkembangnya mekanisme pertahanan yang maladaptif. Disimpulkan bahwa mekanisme pertahanan ego yang matur, didukung oleh keluarga dan pendampingan Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry, berperan penting dalam meningkatkan penerimaan diagnosis dan kemampuan adaptasi pasien terhadap penyakit berat. Temuan ini menunjukkan pentingnya integrasi pendekatan biopsikososial dalam pelayanan pasien dengan penyakit serius.