PENGARUH MODEL GUIDED INQUIRY BERBASIS LOCAL NEWS PICTORIAL RIDDLE TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Critical thinking skills are essential 21st-century competencies that need to be developed in learning in accordance with the demands of the Merdeka Curriculum. However, classroom conditions indicate that students’ critical thinking skills remain relatively low. This study aimed to analyze the effect of the guided inquiry learning model based on local news pictorial riddles on the critical thinking skills of eighth-grade students in the topic of Social Conflict and Integration. This study employed a quantitative approach using a pre-experimental method with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The participants were 29 students from class VIII-F of SMP Negeri 26 Malang in the 2025/2026 academic year, selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a five-item essay test developed based on five critical thinking indicators proposed by Robert H. Ennis. Data analysis included the Shapiro-Wilk normality test, paired sample t-test, and N-Gain Score analysis. The results showed a significant difference in students’ critical thinking skills before and after the implementation of the learning model, with a Sig. (2-tailed) value of 0.000 < 0.05. Descriptively, 86.2% of students were categorized as Poor in the pretest, while in the posttest, 51.7% reached the Good category and 13.8% reached the Very Good category. The mean N-Gain Score was 0.613, which was categorized as Moderate. Therefore, the guided inquiry learning model based on local news pictorial riddles had a significant effect and moderate effectiveness in improving students’ critical thinking skills in the topic of Social Conflict and Integration.

ABSTRAK

Keterampilan berpikir kritis merupakan salah satu kompetensi penting abad ke-21 yang perlu dikembangkan dalam pembelajaran sesuai dengan tuntutan Kurikulum Merdeka. Namun, kondisi pembelajaran di lapangan menunjukkan bahwa keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik masih tergolong rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh model pembelajaran guided inquiry berbasis local news pictorial riddle terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik kelas VIII pada materi Konflik dan Integrasi Sosial. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode pra-eksperimen dan desain one group pretest-posttest. Subjek penelitian terdiri atas 29 peserta didik kelas VIII-F SMP Negeri 26 Malang tahun ajaran 2025/2026 yang ditentukan melalui teknik purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan tes uraian sebanyak lima butir yang disusun berdasarkan lima indikator keterampilan berpikir kritis Robert H. Ennis. Analisis data dilakukan melalui uji normalitas Shapiro-Wilk, uji paired sample t-test, dan uji N-Gain Score. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara kemampuan berpikir kritis sebelum dan sesudah pembelajaran, dengan nilai Sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,000 < 0,05. Secara deskriptif, pada pretest sebanyak 86,2% peserta didik berada pada kategori Kurang, sedangkan pada posttest sebanyak 51,7% mencapai kategori Baik dan 13,8% mencapai kategori Sangat Baik. Nilai rata-rata N-Gain Score sebesar 0,613 berada pada kategori Sedang. Dengan demikian, model pembelajaran guided inquiry berbasis local news pictorial riddle berpengaruh signifikan dan cukup efektif dalam meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik pada materi Konflik dan Integrasi Sosial.