PENGARUH MEDIA TORSO ORGAN PENCERNAAN TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR IPAS MATERI PENCERNAAN MANUSIA DI KELAS V SD

Abstract

Learning about the human digestive system in IPAS (Natural and Social Sciences) has long been dominated by conventional lecture-based methods without adequate instructional media, making it difficult for students to grasp abstract, unobservable internal organ concepts; around 35% of students had not even reached the minimum mastery criterion. Prior studies on torso media have generally focused on standalone science subjects, rarely explored the integrated IPAS context under the Merdeka Curriculum, and often lacked control groups, limiting the accuracy of causal conclusions. This study addresses that gap. Its aim was to determine the effect of using digestive organ torso media on the IPAS learning outcomes of fifth-grade students. A quantitative method with a quasi-experimental Nonequivalent Control Group Design was applied, involving 59 students selected through cluster sampling, with data collected via tests and documentation. Results showed the experimental class achieved a posttest average of 78.90 (77% mastery), substantially surpassing the control class's 53.14 (10% mastery), with an independent samples t-test yielding t_calculated 7.661 > t_table 2.002 and significance <0.001. It is concluded that digestive organ torso media has a positive and significant effect on IPAS learning outcomes. The implications suggest teachers adopt this media combined with active learning strategies, schools invest in three-dimensional teaching aids, and future researchers extend its application to other visually similar IPAS topics.

ABSTRAK

Pembelajaran IPAS materi sistem pencernaan manusia selama ini masih didominasi metode konvensional berupa ceramah tanpa dukungan media yang memadai, sehingga siswa kesulitan memahami konsep organ internal yang bersifat abstrak dan tidak teramati secara langsung; sekitar 35% siswa bahkan belum mencapai KKTP. Penelitian terdahulu tentang media torso umumnya berfokus pada mata pelajaran IPA yang berdiri sendiri, belum mengeksplorasi konteks IPAS terintegrasi sesuai Kurikulum Merdeka, dan jarang menggunakan kelompok kontrol sehingga membatasi keakuratan kesimpulan kausal. Penelitian ini penting untuk menutup kesenjangan tersebut. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan media torso organ pencernaan terhadap hasil belajar IPAS siswa kelas V SD. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan desain quasi experimental tipe Nonequivalent Control Group Design, melibatkan 59 siswa yang dipilih melalui cluster sampling, dengan data dikumpulkan melalui tes dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata posttest kelas eksperimen mencapai 78,90 (ketuntasan 77%), jauh melampaui kelas kontrol sebesar 53,14 (ketuntasan 10%), dengan uji independent samples t-test menghasilkan t_hitung 7,661 > t_tabel 2,002 dan signifikansi <0,001. Disimpulkan bahwa media torso organ pencernaan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap hasil belajar IPAS. Implikasinya, guru disarankan mengadopsi media ini dikombinasikan dengan strategi pembelajaran aktif, sekolah perlu berinvestasi pada alat peraga tiga dimensi, dan peneliti selanjutnya dapat memperluas penerapannya pada topik IPAS lain yang berkarakteristik visual serupa.