RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM PAKAN TERNAK AYAM OTOMATIS DENGAN KENDALI WAKTU MENGGUNAKAN ARDUINO UNO DAN RTCDS3231
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/cendekia.v6i3.10642Keywords:
sistem pakan ayam otomatis, Arduino Uno, RTC DS3231, sensor ultrasonik, peternakan ayamAbstract
Manual chicken feeding is still widely implemented in small- and medium-scale poultry farms, often resulting in inconsistent feeding schedules, feed waste, and labor inefficiency. This study aims to design and develop a time-based automatic chicken feeding system using Arduino Uno and the RTC DS3231 module, as well as to evaluate system performance in distributing feed according to predefined schedules. The research employed a research and development method with a design-and-build approach, including hardware design, software development, system integration, and functional testing of each component. The system testing involved the RTC DS3231 module, servo motor as the feed container actuator, ultrasonic sensor for feed level detection, LCD for information display, and buzzer as a warning indicator. Data were collected through direct observation of time accuracy, actuator response, and sensor readings. The results showed that the developed system was able to distribute feed automatically according to scheduled times, display real-time feed availability conditions, and provide notifications when feed levels reached the minimum threshold. The system was considered effective in improving feed management efficiency, reducing dependency on manual labor, and showing strong potential for application in small- and medium-scale poultry farming. Further development is recommended through Internet of Things (IoT) integration and adaptive feed quantity control.
ABSTRAK
Pemberian pakan ayam secara manual masih banyak diterapkan pada peternakan skala kecil dan menengah, sehingga sering menimbulkan ketidaktepatan jadwal distribusi pakan, pemborosan pakan, serta inefisiensi tenaga kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang dan membangun sistem pakan ternak ayam otomatis berbasis waktu menggunakan Arduino Uno dan modul RTC DS3231, serta menguji kinerja sistem dalam mendistribusikan pakan sesuai jadwal yang telah diprogram. Penelitian menggunakan metode research and development dengan pendekatan rancang bangun yang meliputi perancangan perangkat keras, perancangan perangkat lunak, integrasi sistem, serta pengujian fungsional setiap komponen. Pengujian dilakukan pada modul RTC DS3231, motor servo sebagai aktuator pembuka wadah pakan, sensor ultrasonik untuk mendeteksi ketersediaan pakan, LCD sebagai media tampilan informasi, dan buzzer sebagai indikator peringatan. Data diperoleh melalui observasi langsung terhadap akurasi waktu, respons aktuator, dan pembacaan sensor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem mampu mendistribusikan pakan secara otomatis sesuai jadwal yang telah ditentukan, menampilkan kondisi ketersediaan pakan secara real time, serta memberikan notifikasi ketika pakan berada pada kondisi minimum. Sistem yang dikembangkan dinilai mampu meningkatkan efisiensi manajemen pemberian pakan, mengurangi ketergantungan pada tenaga kerja manual, dan berpotensi diterapkan pada peternakan ayam skala kecil dan menengah. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pengembangan lebih lanjut melalui integrasi teknologi Internet of Things (IoT) dan pengaturan jumlah pakan secara adaptif.
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