PENGARUH MODEL PREDICT-OBSERVE-EXPLAIN (POE) TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR IPAS SISWA KELAS IV

Abstract

This study aims to examine the effect of the Predict-Observe-Explain (POE) learning model on the learning outcomes of fourth-grade students in Integrated Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) at SDN 2 Pengadilan, specifically on the topic of buying and selling activities. The problem is motivated by the fact that IPAS instruction remains teacher-centered and dominated by lecture-based methods, which is not yet fully aligned with the demands of the Merdeka Curriculum, which emphasizes experiential learning and twenty-first-century competencies. The study employed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design using a Nonequivalent Control Group Design, involving 40 students divided into an experimental class (IV C, n = 20) receiving the POE learning model and a control class (IV A, n = 20) receiving lecture-based instruction. Data were collected through pretests and posttests and analyzed using N-Gain scores and the nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test because the N-Gain scores of the control class were not normally distributed. The results showed that the experimental class had a higher posttest mean (78.90) than the control class (70.15), with an N-Gain score of 0.5304 (moderate category), which was higher than that of the control class (0.2339, low category). The Mann-Whitney U test on the N-Gain scores yielded an Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) value of 0.022, which was lower than the significance level of 0.05, leading to the rejection of H0 and acceptance of Ha. These findings indicate a significant difference in learning gains between students who received POE-based instruction and those who received lecture-based instruction, suggesting that the POE model has a positive effect on IPAS learning outcomes.

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh model pembelajaran Predict-Observe-Explain (POE) terhadap hasil belajar Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam dan Sosial (IPAS) siswa kelas IV SDN 2 Pengadilan pada materi kegiatan jual beli. Masalah ini dilatarbelakangi oleh praktik pembelajaran IPAS yang masih berpusat pada guru dan didominasi oleh metode ceramah, sehingga belum sepenuhnya selaras dengan tuntutan Kurikulum Merdeka yang menekankan pembelajaran berbasis pengalaman dan kompetensi abad ke-21. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain kuasi-eksperimen tipe Nonequivalent Control Group Design, melibatkan 40 siswa yang dibagi menjadi kelas eksperimen (IV C, n=20) yang diberi perlakuan model POE dan kelas kontrol (IV A, n=20) yang menggunakan pembelajaran ceramah. Data dikumpulkan melalui pretest dan posttest, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan skor N-Gain serta uji hipotesis nonparametrik U Mann-Whitney karena skor N-Gain pada kelas kontrol tidak berdistribusi normal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata posttest kelas eksperimen (78,90) lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelas kontrol (70,15), dengan skor N-Gain kelas eksperimen sebesar 0,5304 (kategori sedang) yang lebih tinggi daripada kelas kontrol sebesar 0,2339 (kategori rendah). Hasil uji Mann-Whitney U terhadap skor N-Gain diperoleh nilai Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) Sebesar 0,022 lebih kecil dari taraf signifikansi 0,05, sehingga H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan peningkatan hasil belajar yang signifikan antara siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran POE dan siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran ceramah, sehingga model POE memberikan pengaruh positif terhadap hasil belajar IPAS.