PENGEMBANGAN E-MODUL RISET ECOENZIM BERORIENTASI SDGS UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN PROSES SAINS DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR

Abstract

Biotechnology learning in senior high schools is still dominated by lecturing and conventional textbooks, so that students' science process skills (SPS) and learning motivation remain underdeveloped, while the Merdeka Curriculum and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) call for contextual, sustainability-oriented learning. This study aimed to develop and examine the effectiveness of the ECO SMART-BIO e-module, based on eco-enzyme research and oriented toward SDG 12 and SDG 13, in supporting improvements in SPS and learning motivation among twelfth-grade students. A two-stage mixed-method design was employed: research and development (R&D) using the ADDIE model to produce a valid and feasible product, followed by an effectiveness test using a quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group design involving 60 students of SMAN 1 Cigalontang, consisting of 29 students in the experimental class and 31 students in the control class. Data were analyzed using N-Gain, the Mann-Whitney U test, and Spearman's Rho correlation. Validation results indicated that the e-module was highly feasible, with scores of 82.5% from the content expert, 85.1% from the media expert, and 97.6% from the education expert (teacher-practitioner). The increase in SPS in the experimental class was categorized as high (N-Gain = 0.75), whereas that in the control class was categorized as moderate (N-Gain = 0.63), and a significant difference in SPS improvement was found between the two classes based on the Mann-Whitney U test (U = 287.000; p = 0.016). The most notable difference was observed in the observing indicator, with N-Gain values of 0.72 in the experimental class and 0.13 in the control class. Students' learning motivation in the experimental class was categorized as high (76.9%). In addition, a strong positive correlation was found between the increase in SPS and learning motivation (rs = 0.628; p < 0.001). These findings indicate that the use of the ECO SMART-BIO e-module was associated with greater SPS improvement than the learning received by the control class, while SPS improvement showed a strong positive relationship with learning motivation. Thus, the e-module based on authentic eco-enzyme research and oriented toward the SDGs has the potential to serve as a contextual digital teaching material to support Biology learning.

ABSTRAK

Pembelajaran Bioteknologi di sekolah menengah atas masih didominasi metode ceramah dan buku teks konvensional sehingga keterampilan proses sains (KPS) dan motivasi belajar murid belum berkembang optimal, sementara Kurikulum Merdeka dan Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) menuntut pembelajaran yang kontekstual dan berorientasi keberlanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan dan menguji efektivitas e-modul ECO SMART-BIO berbasis riset ecoenzim berorientasi SDG 12 dan SDG 13 dalam mendukung peningkatan KPS dan motivasi belajar murid kelas XII. Penelitian menggunakan metode kombinasi (mixed method) dua tahap, yaitu penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D) dengan model ADDIE untuk menghasilkan produk yang valid dan layak, serta uji efektivitas dengan desain quasi experiment nonequivalent control group pada 60 murid SMAN 1 Cigalontang, yang terdiri atas 29 murid kelas eksperimen dan 31 murid kelas kontrol. Data dianalisis menggunakan N-Gain, uji Mann-Whitney U, dan korelasi Spearman's Rho. Hasil validasi menunjukkan e-modul sangat layak digunakan, dengan skor ahli materi 82,5%, ahli media 85,1%, dan ahli pendidikan (praktisi guru) 97,6%. Peningkatan KPS pada kelas eksperimen berada pada kategori tinggi (N-Gain = 0,75), sedangkan kelas kontrol berada pada kategori sedang (N-Gain = 0,63), dan terdapat perbedaan peningkatan KPS yang signifikan antara kedua kelas berdasarkan uji Mann-Whitney (U = 287,000; p = 0,016). Perbedaan peningkatan paling menonjol terdapat pada indikator mengamati, dengan N-Gain sebesar 0,72 pada kelas eksperimen dan 0,13 pada kelas kontrol. Motivasi belajar murid pada kelas eksperimen berada pada kategori tinggi (76,9%). Selain itu, terdapat korelasi positif yang kuat antara peningkatan KPS dan motivasi belajar (rs = 0,628; p < 0,001). Temuan tersebut menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan e-modul ECO SMART-BIO berkaitan dengan peningkatan KPS dibandingkan pembelajaran pada kelas kontrol, sedangkan peningkatan KPS memiliki hubungan positif yang kuat dengan motivasi belajar. Dengan demikian, e-modul berbasis riset autentik ecoenzim berorientasi SDGs berpotensi menjadi alternatif bahan ajar digital kontekstual untuk mendukung pembelajaran Biologi.