PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI TERBIMBING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN IPA MURID SMP PADA MATERI GETARAN DAN GELOMBANG

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the guided inquiry learning model in improving junior high school students' science understanding in the higher-order cognitive domain (C4: Analyzing), as well as to describe the implementation of learning and student responses. The urgency of the study is based on students' low analytical skills in vibration and wave material and the curriculum's demands to shift from content coverage to deep learning. This study used a pre-experimental method with a One Group Pretest-Posttest design. The research sample was 32 students of class VIII-A of Bahrul Ulum Junior High School Surabaya who were selected through a purposive sampling technique. Data collection instruments included a science understanding test based on the Revised Bloom's Taxonomy  by Anderson and Krathwohl (indicators: distinguishing, organizing, attributing), an implementation observation sheet, and a student response questionnaire. Data analysis used the Shapiro-Wilk normality test, a difference test using the Paired Sample T-Test, and N-Gain. The results showed a t-test significance of 0.000 (p < 0.05), which indicated a significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores. The improvement in science understanding was categorized as moderate with an N-Gain score of 0.60. Analysis per indicator showed the highest improvement in the differentiation aspect (N-Gain = 0.80) and the lowest in the attribution aspect (N-Gain = 0.40). The learning implementation reached 100% with a very good category, and student responses were very positive at 97%. It was concluded that the guided inquiry model was effective in facilitating students' transition from basic conceptual understanding to in-depth analytical skills.

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing dalam meningkatkan pemahaman IPA murid SMP pada ranah kognitif tingkat tinggi (C4: Menganalisis), serta mendeskripsikan keterlaksanaan pembelajaran dan respons murid. Urgensi penelitian didasari oleh rendahnya kemampuan analisis murid pada materi getaran dan gelombang serta tuntutan kurikulum untuk beralih dari content coverage menuju deep learning. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pre-experimental dengan desain One Group Pretest-Posttest. Sampel penelitian adalah 32 murid kelas VIII-A SMP Bahrul Ulum Surabaya yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen pengumpulan data meliputi tes pemahaman IPA berbasis Taksonomi Bloom oleh Anderson dan Krathwohl (indikator: membedakan, mengorganisasikan, mengatribusi), lembar observasi keterlaksanaan, dan angket respons murid. Analisis data menggunakan uji normalitas Shapiro-Wilk, uji beda menggunakan Paired Sample T-Test, dan N-Gain. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan signifikansi uji-t sebesar 0,000 ), yang mengindikasikan perbedaan signifikan antara skor pretest dan posttest. Peningkatan pemahaman IPA tergolong kategori sedang dengan skor N-Gain 0,60. Analisis per indikator menunjukkan peningkatan tertinggi pada aspek membedakan (N-Gain = 0,80) dan terendah pada aspek mengatribusi (N-Gain = 0,40). Keterlaksanaan pembelajaran mencapai persentase 100% dengan kategori sangat baik, dan respons murid sangat positif sebesar 97%. Disimpulkan bahwa model inkuiri terbimbing efektif memfasilitasi transisi murid dari pemahaman konsep dasar menuju kemampuan analisis mendalam.