KONSEP KEPEMIMPINAN ISLAM DALAM PSIKOLOGI ORGANISASI

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Leadership is a strategic factor in determining organizational effectiveness; however, studies on Islamic leadership have predominantly been discussed from a normative religious perspective rather than in relation to organizational psychology. Meanwhile, modern organizations face various challenges, including declining integrity, reduced trust in leaders, weak organizational commitment, and increasing complexity in workplace relationships. These conditions require a leadership model that not only focuses on achieving organizational goals but also integrates moral, spiritual, and psychological dimensions into human resource management. Therefore, this study aims to examine the concept of Islamic leadership from the perspective of organizational psychology, focusing on its fundamental principles, leadership characteristics, and relevance to modern organizational behavior. This study employed a qualitative method using a library research approach through the analysis and synthesis of relevant scholarly literature. The findings indicate that Islamic leadership is grounded in the principles of trustworthiness (amanah), justice, consultation (shura), responsibility, and exemplary conduct, which contribute to improving work motivation, organizational commitment, job satisfaction, trust, and interpersonal relationships. Furthermore, the concept of Islamic leadership demonstrates substantial alignment with transformational leadership, ethical leadership, and servant leadership, particularly in fostering value-based work behavior, service orientation, and individual development.

ABSTRAK

Kepemimpinan merupakan faktor strategis yang menentukan efektivitas organisasi, namun kajian mengenai konsep kepemimpinan Islam masih lebih banyak dibahas dari perspektif normatif-keagamaan dibandingkan keterkaitannya dengan organizational psychology. Padahal, organisasi modern menghadapi berbagai tantangan, seperti rendahnya integritas, menurunnya kepercayaan terhadap pemimpin, lemahnya komitmen organisasi, serta meningkatnya kompleksitas hubungan kerja. Kondisi tersebut menuntut hadirnya model kepemimpinan yang tidak hanya berorientasi pada pencapaian tujuan organisasi, tetapi juga mampu mengintegrasikan dimensi moral, spiritual, dan psikologis dalam pengelolaan sumber daya manusia. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji konsep kepemimpinan Islam dalam perspektif organizational psychology, meliputi prinsip-prinsip dasar, karakteristik pemimpin, serta relevansinya terhadap perilaku organisasi modern. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan library research melalui analisis dan sintesis berbagai literatur ilmiah yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan Islam berlandaskan pada prinsip amanah, keadilan, musyawarah, tanggung jawab, dan keteladanan yang berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan motivasi kerja, komitmen organisasi, kepuasan kerja, kepercayaan, serta kualitas hubungan interpersonal. Selain itu, konsep kepemimpinan Islam memiliki kesesuaian dengan pendekatan transformational leadership, ethical leadership, dan servant leadership, terutama dalam membangun perilaku kerja yang berorientasi pada nilai, pelayanan, dan pengembangan individu.