PENAFSIRAN ANTISEMIT SAYYID QUṬUB TERHADAP AYAT TENTANG YAHUDI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/khazanah.v1i2.14491Keywords:
Sayyid Qu?ub, Analisis Wacana Kritis, QS. Al-M??idah: 82Abstract
ABSTRACT
This study aims to analyze Sayyid Quṭub’s interpretation of Qur'an Surah Al-Māʾidah verse 82 in Fī Ẓilāl Al-Qurʾān using Teun A. van Dijk’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) model. The study is motivated by the view that Quṭub’s exegesis reflects an ideological tendency in its representation of the Jewish community. A qualitative approach with text analysis was employed by integrating the dimensions of text, social cognition, and social context. The findings reveal that Quṭub constructs the Jews as a group positioned in opposition to Islam through evaluative diction, negative generalizations, and rhetorical strategies that reinforce ideological meanings. His interpretation is also influenced by his political Islamist ideology and the socio-political conditions of the Middle East during the period in which the commentary was written. These findings demonstrate that the interpretation of religious texts is shaped by the interplay of language, ideology, and social context, highlighting the importance of a critical and contextual approach to understanding Qur’anic exegesis. The novelty of this study lies in the application of Van Dijk’s Critical Discourse Analysis specifically to Sayyid Quṭub’s interpretation of Qur'an Surah Al-Māʾidah verse 82 in Fī Ẓilāl Al-Qurʾān, an area that has received limited scholarly attention.
Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis penafsiran Sayyid Quṭub terhadap QS. Al-Māʾidah ayat 82 dalam tafsir Fī Ẓilāl Al-Qurʾān menggunakan Analisis Wacana Kritis (Critical Discourse Analysis/CDA) model Teun A. van Dijk. Kajian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pandangan bahwa tafsir tersebut mengandung kecenderungan ideologis dalam merepresentasikan komunitas Yahudi. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan analisis teks yang mengintegrasikan dimensi teks, kognisi sosial, dan konteks sosial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Quṭub membangun representasi Yahudi sebagai kelompok yang diposisikan berseberangan dengan Islam melalui penggunaan diksi evaluatif, generalisasi, dan strategi retoris yang memperkuat makna ideologis. Penafsiran tersebut juga dipengaruhi oleh ideologi Islamisme politik Quṭub serta konteks sosial-politik Timur Tengah pada masa penulisan tafsirnya. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa penafsiran terhadap teks keagamaan dipengaruhi oleh relasi bahasa, ideologi, dan konteks sosial, sehingga diperlukan pembacaan yang kritis dan kontekstual. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada penerapan Analisis Wacana Kritis model Van Dijk secara khusus terhadap penafsiran Sayyid Quṭub atas QS. Al-Māʾidah: 82 dalam tafsir Fī Ẓilāl Al-Qurʾān, yang masih jarang dikaji dalam penelitian terdahulu.
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