MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN KONKRET DI KELAS II SD NEGERI SYOTA PADA MATERI PERKALIAN SEBAGAI PENJUMLAHAN BERULANG
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/teaching.v6i3.11588Keywords:
Pendekatan Konkret, Hasil Belajar, Penelitian Tindakan Kelas, Sekolah DasarAbstract
The learning outcomes of second-grade students at SD Negeri Syota were critically low, with only 11% achieving the Minimum Mastery Criterion, due to lecture-based methods with minimal concrete media use. This condition is inconsistent with cognitive characteristics of students aged 7–8 years, who are in the concrete operational stage and require direct learning through real object manipulation. This study aimed to describe concrete approach implementation and analyze its impact on student outcomes at SD Negeri Syota. A Classroom Action Research design based on the Kemmis and McTaggart model was employed in two cycles with 19 second-grade students in the 2025/2026 academic year. Each cycle consisted of planning, action, observation, and reflection. Data were collected through achievement tests and observation sheets, analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results showed significant progressive improvements. The class average increased from 65 in pre-action to 70 in Cycle I and 78 in Cycle II. Classical mastery rose from 11% to 53% in Cycle I and reached 100% in Cycle II, with consistent gains across cognitive, psychomotor, and affective domains. It is concluded that systematic implementation of the concrete approach with reflective inter-cycle improvements is effective and inclusive in enhancing learning outcomes of all early elementary school students.
ABSTRAK
Hasil belajar siswa kelas II SD Negeri Syota sangat rendah, hanya 11% mencapai Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimum (KKM), akibat dominasi metode ceramah tanpa pemanfaatan media konkret yang memadai. Kondisi ini tidak sesuai dengan karakteristik kognitif siswa usia 7–8 tahun yang berada pada tahap operasional konkret dan membutuhkan pengalaman belajar langsung melalui manipulasi objek nyata. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan penerapan pendekatan konkret dan menganalisis peningkatan hasil belajar siswa kelas II SD Negeri Syota. Penelitian menggunakan desain Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) model Kemmis dan McTaggart yang dilaksanakan dua siklus, dengan subjek 19 siswa kelas II tahun ajaran 2025/2026. Setiap siklus terdiri dari empat tahap, yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui tes hasil belajar dan lembar observasi, lalu dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan dan progresif. Nilai rata-rata kelas meningkat dari 65 pada pra-tindakan menjadi 70 pada Siklus I dan 78 pada Siklus II. Persentase ketuntasan klasikal melonjak dari 11% menjadi 53% pada Siklus I, dan mencapai 100% pada Siklus II, dengan peningkatan merata pada ranah kognitif, psikomotor, dan afektif. Disimpulkan bahwa penerapan pendekatan konkret secara sistematis disertai perbaikan reflektif antarsiklus terbukti efektif dan inklusif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar seluruh siswa kelas awal sekolah dasar.
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