MODEL PENDIDIKAN SEMI-MODERN DI PESANTREN DARUL HUDA CIKALONG: SEBUAH STUDI HISTORIS TENTANG INTEGRASI KURIKULUM SALAFIYAH DAN KURIKULUM MERDEKA

Abstract

The transformation of Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) from traditional (salafiyah) to semi-modern models is a crucial phenomenon in the dynamics of Indonesian Islamic education, responding to the challenges of national formalization and standardization. This study aims to analyze the historical dynamics, educational typology, and curriculum integration patterns at the Darul Huda Cikalong Islamic Boarding School, Tasikmalaya Regency. Utilizing the historical research method with a qualitative approach, data were collected through document heuristics, observation, and in-depth interviews with boarding school authorities. The results indicate that Darul Huda has undergone a managerial transformation since 2001 as an adaptive response to the community's need for formal certification and the regulatory mandates of Law No. 18 of 2019. The semi-modern typology is implemented through a hybridization of the Salafiyah curriculum, based on classical texts (kitab kuning), and the Kurikulum Merdeka in the formal stream, managed through a structured partial-time allocation. Internalization of pesantren values is carried out through linear programs such as collective worship practices and the Bahtsul Kutub literacy culture, which integrates the religious atmosphere into the formal school ecosystem. This study concludes that the semi-modern educational model in peripheral areas serves as an effective solution to minimize educational dichotomy while providing national diploma recognition without reducing the spiritual identity of the pesantren. The practical implications of this research offer a contextual curriculum synergy model for the development of adaptive pesantren in the future.

ABSTRAK
Transformasi pesantren dari model tradisional (salafiyah) menuju semi-modern merupakan fenomena krusial dalam dinamika pendidikan Islam di Indonesia guna menjawab tantangan formalisasi dan standarisasi nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dinamika sejarah, tipologi pendidikan, serta pola integrasi kurikulum di Pondok Pesantren Darul Huda Cikalong, Kabupaten Tasikmalaya. Menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah (historical method) dengan pendekatan kualitatif, data dikumpulkan melalui heuristik dokumen, observasi, dan wawancara mendalam dengan otoritas pesantren. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pesantren Darul Huda melakukan transformasi manajerial sejak tahun 2001 sebagai respons adaptif terhadap kebutuhan masyarakat akan ijazah formal dan tuntutan regulasi UU No. 18 Tahun 2019. Tipologi semi-modern yang diterapkan diwujudkan melalui hibridasi antara Kurikulum Salafiyah berbasis kitab kuning dengan Kurikulum Merdeka pada jalur formal melalui manajemen waktu yang parsial dan terukur. Internalisasi nilai-nilai pesantren dilakukan secara linier melalui program praktikum ibadah kolektif dan budaya literasi Bahtsul Kutub yang mengintegrasikan atmosfer religius ke dalam ekosistem sekolah formal. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa model pendidikan semi-modern di wilayah periferi mampu menjadi solusi efektif dalam meminimalisir dikotomi pendidikan sekaligus memberikan rekognisi ijazah nasional tanpa mereduksi identitas spiritual pesantren. Implikasi praktis dari penelitian ini menawarkan model sinergi kurikulum yang kontekstual bagi pengembangan pesantren adaptif di masa depan.