ANALISIS KRITIS PEMBELAJARAN KARAKTER PANCASILA DI SEKOLAH DASAR MELALUI PENDEKATAN BERBASIS NILAI: TINJAUAN SISTEMATIS LITERATUR (SLR)

Abstract

Character education at the elementary school level is a crucial foundation for shaping the nation's moral identity. However, the implementation of a values-based approach often faces methodological and sustainability challenges. This study aims to present a comprehensive synthesis and critical analysis of the implementation of Pancasila values ??using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. Through a search of reputable academic databases such as Scopus, ERIC, and Google Scholar, this study examined 25 relevant articles selected based on strict inclusion criteria related to Pancasila character and the values-based approach. The data synthesis identified three dominant implementation strategies: cross-curricular thematic integration, fostering school culture through teacher role models, and implementing a project to strengthen the Pancasila student profile. Although the majority of studies reported positive improvements in student understanding, the critical analysis highlighted two fundamental weaknesses: the inconsistency in program sustainability, which still relies on individual initiative, and the limitations of evaluation methods, which tend to be descriptive and unable to objectively measure value internalization. The study's conclusions emphasize the urgency of developing measurable evaluation instruments and a robust managerial system to ensure the effectiveness and continuity of character education in elementary schools.

ABSTRAK
Pendidikan karakter di tingkat sekolah dasar menjadi fondasi krusial dalam membentuk identitas moral bangsa, namun implementasi pendekatan berbasis nilai seringkali menghadapi tantangan metodologis dan keberlanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menyajikan sintesis komprehensif serta analisis kritis terkait penerapan nilai-nilai Pancasila menggunakan metode Tinjauan Sistematis Literatur (SLR). Melalui penelusuran pada database akademik bereputasi seperti Scopus, ERIC, dan Google Scholar, studi ini menelaah 25 artikel relevan yang dipilih berdasarkan kriteria inklusi ketat terkait karakter Pancasila dan pendekatan berbasis nilai. Hasil sintesis data mengidentifikasi tiga strategi dominan dalam implementasi, yaitu integrasi tematik lintas kurikulum, pembiasaan budaya sekolah melalui keteladanan guru, serta penerapan proyek penguatan profil pelajar Pancasila. Walaupun mayoritas studi melaporkan peningkatan positif pada pemahaman siswa, analisis kritis menyoroti dua kelemahan fundamental, yakni inkonsistensi keberlanjutan program yang masih bergantung pada inisiatif individu serta keterbatasan metode evaluasi yang cenderung deskriptif dan belum mampu mengukur internalisasi nilai secara objektif. Simpulan penelitian menekankan urgensi pengembangan instrumen evaluasi yang terukur serta sistem manajerial yang kokoh untuk menjamin efektivitas dan kontinuitas pendidikan karakter di sekolah dasar.