PERAN HASIL BELAJAR SEBAGAI MEDIATOR EFIKASI DIRI DAN STATUS SOSIAL EKONOMI TERHADAP ASPIRASI PENDIDIKAN SISWA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/social.v6i3.13368Keywords:
Aspirasi Pendidikan, Sekolah Menengah Atas, SEM-PLSAbstract
Improving Indonesia’s Human Development Index (HDI) is closely linked to the role of education as a means of social mobility and transformation, making participation in higher education an important aspect of human resource development. However, students’ aspirations to pursue higher education may be influenced by psychological, academic, and socioeconomic factors. This study aims to examine and analyze a structural model of the determinants of educational aspirations among students at SMA Negeri 20 Surabaya, with academic achievement positioned as a mediating variable. A quantitative approach was employed, involving a sample of 226 students from Grades X and XI. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) with SmartPLS 4. The results indicate that self-efficacy and academic achievement have positive and significant effects on educational aspirations, whereas socioeconomic status has no significant effect. The novelty of this study lies in integrating psychological, academic, and socioeconomic factors within a micro-level structural model and positioning academic achievement as a mediating variable. These findings highlight the importance of schools in sustaining and strengthening students’ aspirations to pursue higher education by continuously fostering self-efficacy and academic achievement.
ABSTRAK
Peningkatan Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) di Indonesia tidak terlepas dari peran pendidikan sebagai sarana mobilitas dan perubahan sosial, sehingga partisipasi dalam pendidikan tinggi menjadi salah satu aspek penting dalam pembangunan sumber daya manusia. Namun, aspirasi siswa untuk melanjutkan pendidikan ke perguruan tinggi dapat dipengaruhi oleh faktor psikologis, akademik, dan sosial ekonomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menganalisis model struktural determinan aspirasi pendidikan siswa SMA Negeri 20 Surabaya dengan menempatkan hasil belajar sebagai variabel mediasi. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan sampel sebanyak 226 siswa kelas X dan XI. Data dianalisis menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) dengan bantuan SmartPLS 4. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efikasi diri dan hasil belajar berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap aspirasi pendidikan, sedangkan status sosial ekonomi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap aspirasi pendidikan. Kebaruan penelitian terletak pada pengintegrasian faktor psikologis, akademik, dan sosial ekonomi dalam model struktural pada lingkup mikro serta penempatan hasil belajar sebagai variabel mediasi. Temuan penelitian mengimplikasikan pentingnya peran sekolah dalam mempertahankan dan memperkuat aspirasi siswa untuk melanjutkan pendidikan ke perguruan tinggi melalui penguatan efikasi diri dan pencapaian akademik secara berkelanjutan.
Downloads
References
Adjie Byantoro, G., Tri Wijayati Wardoyoe, D., Khamidi, A., & Nursalim, M. (2024). The Impact of Scholarships on Student Achievement: A Mix Methods Study. EDUKASIA: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran, 5, 1371–1378. https://jurnaledukasia.org
Afthanorhan, A., Awang, Z., & Aimran, N. (2020). Five common mistakes for using partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM) in management research. Contemporary Management Research, 16(4), 255–278. https://doi.org/10.7903/CMR.20247
Ansong, D., Eisensmith, S. R., Okumu, M., & Chowa, G. A. (2019). The importance of self-efficacy and educational aspirations for academic achievement in resource-limited countries: Evidence from Ghana. Journal of Adolescence, 70, 13–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2018.11.003
Arastaman, G., & Özdemir, M. (2019). Relationship between academic aspiration, academic self-efficacy and cultural capital as perceived by high school students. Egitim ve Bilim, 44(197), 105–119. https://doi.org/10.15390/EB.2019.8103
Bandura, A. (1986). SOCIAL FOUNDATIONS OF THOUGHT AND ACTION, A Social Cognitive Theory (L. Benson (ed.)). Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Burger, K., & Mortimer, J. T. (2021). Socioeconomic Origin, Future Expectations, and Educational Achievement: A Longitudinal Three-Generation Study of the Persistence of Family Advantage. Developmental Psychology, 57(9), 1540–1558. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0001238
Chen, M., Liu, S., Wijaya, T. T., & Cao, Y. (2025). Influence of family socioeconomic status on academic buoyancy and adaptability: Mediating effect of parental involvement. Acta Psychologica, 253(September 2024), 104753. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.104753
Chen, X., & Hesketh, T. (2021). Educational aspirations and expectations of adolescents in rural China: Determinants, mental health and academic outcomes. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(21). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111524
Choirul, U., & Andayani, E. S. (2022). Pengaruh self-efficacy dan kemampuan bahasa inggris terhadap aspirasi karir bidang akuntansi. JURNAL PENDIDIKAN AKUNTANSI INDONESIA, 20, 25–38.
Chotimah, L. N., Hety Mustika Ani, & Widodo, J. (2017). Pengaruh status sosial ekonomi orang tua terhadap prestasi belajar siswa (Studi kasus siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Jember tahun ajaran 2016/2017). Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, Ilmu Ekonomi Dan Ilmu Sosial, 1(2), 1–9.
Dewi, S. K., & Wulandari, W. (2026). Pengaruh School Well-Being Terhadap Keterlibatan Akademik Siswa. Jurnal Ilmiah Profesi Pendidikan, 11(1), 1072–1078. https://jipp.unram.ac.id/index.php/jipp/article/view/4679
DiBiase, R. M., Beach, M. C., Carrese, J. A., Haythornthwaite, J. A., Wheelan, S. J., Atkinson, M. A., Geller, G., Gebo, K. A., Greene, J. A., & Sozio, S. M. (2020). A medical student scholarly concentrations program: scholarly self-efficacy and impact on future research activities. Medical Education Online, 25(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/10872981.2020.1786210
Ding, X., Li, S., Zhang, X., & Shi, J. (2024). The mediating role of executive function between socioeconomic status and academic achievement: A meta-analytic structural equation model. Learning and Individual Differences, 110(November 2023), 102418. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2024.102418
Durrotunnafisa, D., & Rosy, B. (2024). Pengaruh Pendidikan Orang Tua, Pendapatan Orang tua, dan Prestasi Belajar terhadap Minat Melanjutkan Studi ke Perguruan Tinggi. Edukatif : Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 6(4), 2916–2926. https://doi.org/10.31004/edukatif.v6i4.7025
Eide, E. R., & Showalter, M. H. (2009). Human Capital. International Encyclopedia of Education, Third Edition, 282–287. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-044894-7.01213-6
Erwananda, N. H., Usman, O., & Bus, M. (2021). The influence of self-efficacy, social economics of parents and learning motivation toward interests of continuing to higher education. International Journal of Education and Teaching, 1(1), 29–41. https://doi.org/10.51483/ijedt.1.1.2021.29-41
Franceschi, I. (2022). The Influence of Piano Students’ Sociodemographic Characteristics, Motivation, and Self-Efficacy on Their Achievements and Aspirations for Continuing Music Education. Nova Prisutnost, 20(3), 587–601. https://doi.org/10.31192/np.20.3.8
Gbadamosi, G., Evans, C., Richardson, M., & Ridolfo, M. (2015). Employability and students’ part-time work in the UK: Does self-efficacy and career aspiration matter? British Educational Research Journal, 41(6), 1086–1107. https://doi.org/10.1002/berj.3174
Hair Jr et al. (2021). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using R: A workbook (p. 197). Springer Nature. In Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal (Vol. 30, Issue July).
Harb, A., Harb, Y., Alakaleek, W., Alhammad, F. A., Alzboun, N., & Al-Omar, S. (2024). Understanding the relationship between individual characteristics, self-efficacy beliefs and career aspirations of generation Z in tourism and hospitality: can gender and major make difference? Journal of Teaching in Travel and Tourism, 24(2), 107–133. https://doi.org/10.1080/15313220.2024.2311903
Jansen, M. P., Becker, B., Salikutluk, Z., Garritzmann, S., & Roßteutscher, S. (2024). I (don’t) need to know that I can make it. Socioeconomic differences in the link between students’ academic self-efficacy and their educational aspirations and decisions. Cogent Education, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2024.2355006
Kintrea, K., Houston, M., & Clair, R. St. (2011). The influence of parents, places and poverty on educational attitudes and aspirations. Jrf.Org.Uk, October, 1–77. papers3://publication/uuid/092BEED2-8B41-486C-8168-18EC06E2BE68%5Cnhttp://www.jrf.org.uk/publications/influence-parents-places-and-poverty-educational%5Cnpapers3://publication/uuid/3DE4B46A-892F-4019-9F31-C06381BE2FBF
Laajaj, R., Moya, A., & Sánchez, F. (2022). Equality of opportunity and human capital accumulation: Motivational effect of a nationwide scholarship in Colombia. Journal of Development Economics, 154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2021.102754
Lui, C. K., Chung, P. J., Wallace, S. P., & Aneshensel, C. S. (2014). Social Status Attainment During the Transition to Adulthood. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 43(7), 1134–1150. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-013-0030-6
McElvany, N., Ferdinand, H. D., Gebauer, M. M., Bos, W., Huelmann, T., Köller, O., & Schöber, C. (2018). Attainment-aspiration gap in students with a migration background: The role of self-efficacy. Learning and Individual Differences, 65, 159–166. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2018.05.002
Mukhid, A. (2009). Evaluating energy-saving strategies on torus, k-Ary n-Tree, and dragonfly. Proceedings - 2018 IEEE 4th International Workshop on High-Performance Interconnection Networks in the Exascale and Big-Data Era, HiPINEB 2018, 2018-Janua, 16–23. https://doi.org/10.1109/HiPINEB.2018.00011
Nano, E., Panizza, U., & Viarengo, M. (2024). Merit-based scholarships for university graduates: A generation of Italian economists. Labour Economics, 90(May), 102569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2024.102569
Nunes, C., Oliveira, T., Santini, F. de O., Castelli, M., & Cruz-Jesus, F. (2022). A Weight and Meta-Analysis on the Academic Achievement of High School Students. Education Sciences, 12(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12050287
Nwokolo, C., & Christiana, N. U. (2021). Does Self-Efficacy have a Relationship with Career Aspiration? A Study among Secondary School Students in Anambra State. Journal of Education, Society and Behavioural Science, 34(12), 155–161. https://doi.org/10.9734/jesbs/2021/v34i1230392
Oracion, Q. J. G., & Abina, I. L. S. (2021). The mediating effect of students’ attitude to student career aspiration and mathematics achievement. JRAMathEdu (Journal of Research and Advances in Mathematics Education), 6(3), 158–173. https://doi.org/10.23917/jramathedu.v6i3.13784
Paulus, L., Spinath, F. M., & Hahn, E. (2025). How socioeconomic status affects a child’s education – Investigating objective and subjective factors involved in shaping educational success in Germany. Intelligence, 113(October). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intell.2025.101970
Sewell, W. H., Haller, A. O., & Portes, A. (2018). The Educational and Early Occupational Attainment Process. Social Stratification: Class, Race, and Gender in Sociological Perspective, 596–607. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429494642-72
Siregar, E., & Nara, H. (2010). Teori Belajar dan Pembelajaran (A. Jamaludin (ed.)). Ghalia Indonesia.
Tiwari, S., & Phalachandra, P. B. (2024). Understanding Educational Aspirations among Secondary School Students : A Comprehensive Exploration of Influencing Factors and Their Impact on Future Pathways. 13(Iv), 34–41.
Wang, D., Guo, D., Song, C., Hao, L., & Qiao, Z. (2022). General Self-Efficacy and Employability Among Financially Underprivileged Chinese College Students: The Mediating Role of Achievement Motivation and Career Aspirations. Frontiers in Psychology, 12(January), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.719771
Wulandari, W. (2025). Improving creative thinking skills through a mind map. Journal of Educational and Learning Studies, 8(1), 28. https://doi.org/10.32698/02232
Xie, H., Ratner, K., Fegley, S. G., & Nakkula, M. J. (2025). Heterogeneity in the Developmental Trajectories of Chinese Youth Educational Aspirations: Identifying Predictors and Outcomes. Child Development, 96(3), 1220–1235. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.14234
Zhang, L., Zhai, R., He, J., Ma, X., & Yang, S. (2025). Profile and transition in time perspective among Chinese adolescents: Examining the prediction of subjective socioeconomic status and its effect on academic achievement. Personality and Individual Differences, 245(May), 113275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2025.113275
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 SOCIAL : Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan IPS
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
