PERAN GRIT SEBAGAI MEDIATOR DALAM HUBUNGAN SELF EFFICACY DAN PRESTASI AKADEMIK PADA MAHASISWA KIP-K

Abstract

Students receiving the Kartu Indonesia Pintar Kuliah (KIP-K) scholarship face complex academic challenges, arising not merely from economic constraints but also from psychosocial pressures and the obligation to maintain academic performance as a condition for continued financial support. Although prior research has examined the roles of Self efficacy and grit in relation to academic achievement separately, few studies have explored the integrated psychological mechanism of both constructs, particularly by positioning grit as a mediator within the population of affirmative scholarship recipients. This study therefore aims to examine the mediating role of grit in the relationship between Self efficacy and academic achievement among KIP-K recipients at Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung, involving 344 active KIP-K students as the sample through a quantitative approach. Data were collected through an online questionnaire comprising a Self efficacy scale and a grit scale based on a four-point Likert format, together with GPA data as an indicator of academic achievement, while data analysis was conducted using SPSS through classical assumption testing, multiple linear regression, and mediation testing with the Hayes PROCESS method. The findings reveal that both Self efficacy and grit each exert a positive and significant effect on academic achievement, that both variables simultaneously exert a significant effect on academic achievement, and that grit significantly mediates the relationship between Self efficacy and academic achievement. These findings indicate that improving the academic achievement of KIP-K students requires a strategy oriented not only toward strengthening Self efficacy, but also toward the integrated development of grit through the dimensions of consistency of interest and perseverance of effort.

ABSTRAK

Kompleksitas tantangan akademik dihadapi oleh mahasiswa penerima beasiswa Kartu Indonesia Pintar Kuliah (KIP-K), bukan semata akibat keterbatasan ekonomi, melainkan juga tekanan psikososial serta kewajiban mempertahankan prestasi sebagai syarat keberlanjutan bantuan. Kendati peran Self efficacy dan grit terhadap prestasi akademik telah banyak dikaji secara terpisah dalam penelitian terdahulu, mekanisme psikologis keduanya secara terintegrasi khususnya dengan menempatkan grit sebagai mediator pada populasi penerima beasiswa afirmatif masih jarang dieksplorasi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji peran grit sebagai mediator dalam hubungan antara Self efficacy dan prestasi akademik pada mahasiswa penerima KIP-K di Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung, dengan melibatkan 344 mahasiswa KIP-K aktif sebagai sampel melalui pendekatan kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner daring yang memuat skala Self efficacy dan skala grit berbasis Likert empat poin, disertai data IPK sebagai indikator prestasi akademik, sementara analisis data ditempuh melalui SPSS dengan tahapan uji asumsi klasik, regresi linier berganda, dan uji mediasi menggunakan metode Hayes PROCESS. Ditemukan bahwa baik Self efficacy maupun grit masing-masing berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap prestasi akademik, keduanya juga berpengaruh signifikan secara simultan, dan grit terbukti memediasi secara signifikan hubungan antara Self efficacy dengan prestasi akademik. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, peningkatan prestasi akademik mahasiswa KIP-K memerlukan strategi yang tidak hanya berorientasi pada penguatan Self efficacy, melainkan juga pada pengembangan grit secara terpadu melalui aspek consistency of interest dan perseverance of effort.