PERUBAHAN ANGKA KEJADIAN STUNTING PASCA PELAKSANAAN PEMBERIAN MAKAN BAYI DAN ANAK DI DESA MLOKOREJO KECAMATAN PUGER
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/healthy.v4i3.7050Keywords:
Kejadian Stunting, PMBAAbstract
Stunting is a major problem because it can affect children's cognitive development, which has long-term impacts on productivity and the quality of human resources. In Indonesia, the stunting rate in 2022 reached 21.6%, and in East Java it was recorded at 19.2%, with a prevalence in Jember Regency of 34.9%. Mlokorejo Village was recorded as having 9.6% of stunted toddlers in 2023. One of the government's efforts to reduce the stunting rate is through the PMBA program, which aims to improve community knowledge and skills in providing appropriate food to infants and children. This comparative descriptive study used two samples. The population was 65 toddlers, with a sample of 55 toddlers using the Isaac and Michael sampling table. The measurement tool was the independent sample t-test. Data analysis showed that the average z-score of toddlers before and after the PMBA implementation only differed by 0.05, indicating that there was no significant difference in the stunting rate. Before the implementation of PMBA, the average height of stunted toddlers was 82.7 cm with a standard deviation of -2.7 SD, while after the implementation of PMBA, the average height of stunted toddlers was 81.6 cm with a standard deviation of -2.7 SD. There was no significant change in the incidence of stunting after the implementation of Infant and Young Child Feeding in Mlokorejo Village. It is hoped that further evaluation of the effectiveness of the PMBA program and the community will develop businesses that can improve nutrition, such as fish farming.
ABSTRAK
Kejadian stunting menjadi masalah utama karena dapat mempengaruhi perkembangan kognitif anak, yang berdampak jangka panjang pada produktivitas dan kualitas sumber daya manusia. Di Indonesia, angka kejadian stunting pada tahun 2022 mencapai 21,6%, dan di Jawa Timur tercatat 19,2%, dengan prevalensi di Kabupaten Jember sebesar 34,9%. Desa Mlokorejo tercatat memiliki 9,6% balita stunting pada tahun 2023. Salah satu upaya pemerintah untuk menurunkan angka kejadian stunting adalah melalui program PMBA, yang bertujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan masyarakat dalam memberikan makanan yang tepat kepada bayi dan anak. Penelitian deskriptif komparatif dengan dua sampel. Populasi sebanyak 65 balita, dengan sampel sebanyak 55 balita menggunakan tabel penentuan sampel Isaac dan Michael. Alat ukur dengan uji t sampel bebas. Analisis data menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata z-score balita sebelum dan sesudah pelaksanaan PMBA hanya berbeda 0,05, yang menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan dalam angka kejadian stunting. Sebelum pelaksanaan PMBA, rata-rata tinggi badan balita stunting adalah 82,7 cm dengan standar deviasi -2,7 SD, sedangkan setelah pelaksanaan PMBA, rata-rata tinggi badan balita stunting adalah 81,6 cm dengan standar deviasi -2,7 SD. Tidak terdapat perubahan signifikan pada angka kejadian stunting pasca pelaksanaan Pemberian Makan Bayi dan Anak di Desa Mlokorejo. Diharapkan untuk mengevaluasi lebih lanjut efektivitas program PMBA dan masyarakat mengembangkan usaha yang dapat meningkatkan gizi, seperti budidaya ikan.
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