HUBUNGAN KUALITAS TIDUR DENGAN BURNOUT PADA MAHASISWA KEDOKTERAN MASA PREKLINIK
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/healthy.v5i4.16016Keywords:
burnout, kualitas tidur, mahasiswa kedokteran, preklinikAbstract
Preclinical medical education involves demanding academic requirements that may disrupt sleep quality and increase students’ risk of burnout. However, poor sleep quality does not necessarily coincide with high burnout levels, as this condition may be influenced by multiple factors. This study aimed to determine the relationship between sleep quality and burnout among 2022-cohort medical students at Universitas Abulyatama during the preclinical phase. This quantitative study employed an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach and was conducted in May 2026. A total of 75 respondents were selected using total sampling. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), while burnout was measured using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (MBI-SS). Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses, with the Chi-Square test and Fisher’s Exact Test applied when the test assumptions were not met. The results showed that 81.3% of respondents had poor sleep quality. Most respondents were classified in the low category for emotional exhaustion (89.3%), cynicism (84%), and reduced personal accomplishment (100%). The Fisher’s Exact Test revealed no statistically significant relationship between sleep quality and burnout (p = 0.336). Thus, poor sleep quality was not significantly associated with burnout in this study. Monitoring sleep quality and managing academic workloads remain important for supporting students’ well-being.
ABSTRAKPendidikan kedokteran pada fase preklinik memiliki tuntutan akademik yang padat dan berpotensi mengganggu kualitas tidur serta meningkatkan risiko burnout mahasiswa. Namun, kualitas tidur yang buruk tidak selalu disertai tingkat burnout yang tinggi karena kondisi tersebut dapat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan antara kualitas tidur dengan burnout pada mahasiswa kedokteran angkatan 2022 Universitas Abulyatama selama masa preklinik. Penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain observasional analitik dan pendekatan cross-sectional ini dilaksanakan pada Mei 2026. Sampel berjumlah 75 responden yang dipilih menggunakan teknik total sampling. Kualitas tidur diukur menggunakan Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), sedangkan burnout diukur menggunakan Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (MBI-SS). Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-Square serta Fisher’s Exact Test apabila asumsi uji tidak terpenuhi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 81,3% responden memiliki kualitas tidur buruk. Mayoritas responden berada pada kategori rendah untuk dimensi kelelahan emosional (89,3%), sikap sinis (84%), dan penurunan pencapaian diri (100%). Uji Fisher’s Exact Test menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara kualitas tidur dan burnout (p = 0,336). Dengan demikian, kualitas tidur buruk tidak berhubungan secara signifikan dengan burnout dalam penelitian ini. Pemantauan kualitas tidur dan pengelolaan beban akademik tetap diperlukan untuk mendukung kesejahteraan mahasiswa.
References
Akbar, R. R., Afifa, N., & Az Zahrah, N. (2024). Burnout phenomenon in medical students. Nusantara Hasana Journal, 4(3), 9–18. https://doi.org/10.59003/nhj.v4i3.1179
Al Shammari, M. A., Al Amer, N. A., Al Mulhim, S. N., Al Mohammedsaleh, H. N., & AlOmar, R. S. (2020). The quality of sleep and daytime sleepiness and their association with academic achievement of medical students in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia. Journal of Family and Community Medicine, 27(2), 97–102. https://doi.org/10.4103/jfcm.JFCM_160_19
Firdous, J., Haque, A. T. M. E., Lyanna, A., Nawwarah, A., Najihah, F., Norzahidah, N., Zakiah, N. I., & Syahirah, N. (2023). Sleep disruption and its impact on academic performance in medical students: A systematic review. Universal Journal of Public Health, 11(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujph.2023.110101
Hami, F., & Tasalim, R. (2021). Pengaruh kualitas tidur pada mahasiswa baru terhadap indeks prestasi mahasiswa di Universitas Sari Mulia Banjarmasin. Jurnal Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia (JPPNI), 6(1), 10–18. https://doi.org/10.32419/jppni.v6i1.247
Khammissa, R. A. G., Nemutandani, S., Feller, G., Lemmer, J., & Feller, L. (2022). Burnout phenomenon: Neurophysiological factors, clinical features, and aspects of management. Journal of International Medical Research, 50(9), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1177/03000605221106428
Kumar, S., Samal, A., & Dwivedi, S. (2023). Sleep quality, daytime sleepiness and mental health in undergraduate medical students: A cross-sectional descriptive study. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 17(2), VC01–VC05. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2023/60633.17524
Kuswari, J., Darmayani, I. G. A. S., Ganesha, I. G. H., & Mayura, I. P. B. (2024). Perbandingan burnout pada mahasiswa kedokteran tahun pertama dan tahun keempat Universitas Udayana. E-Jurnal Medika Udayana, 13(8), 36–40. https://doi.org/10.24843/MU.2024.V13.i08.P07
Muta’aliyah, H., Hidayati, N. O., & Eriyani, T. (2026). Hubungan kualitas tidur dan burnout akademik pada mahasiswa keperawatan. Malahayati Nursing Journal, 8(5), 8–22. https://doi.org/10.33024/mnj.v8i5.24981
Novitasari, A. (2024). Prevalence of burnout syndrome among medical students. Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia: The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education, 13(3), 231–240. https://doi.org/10.22146/jpki.95790
Rahma, S. (2022). Aktivitas fisik berhubungan dengan kualitas tidur pada mahasiswa. Journal of Public Health Education, 2(1), 13–20. https://doi.org/10.53801/jphe.v2i1.106
Seoane, H. A., Moschetto, L., Orliacq, F., Orliacq, J., Serrano, E., Cazenave, M. I., Vigo, D. E., & Perez-Lloret, S. (2020). Sleep disruption in medicine students and its relationship with impaired academic performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 53, Article 101333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2020.101333
Sibarani, J. V., Widayati, R., & Mutiasari, D. (2023). Hubungan tingkat stres dengan kualitas tidur pada mahasiswa preklinik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Palangka Raya. Barigas: Jurnal Riset Mahasiswa, 1(1), 13–23. https://doi.org/10.37304/barigas.v1i1.8033
Wiguna, T., Dirjayanto, V. J., Maharani, Z. S., Faisal, E. G., Teh, S. D., & Kinzie, E. (2024). Mental health disturbance in preclinical medical students and its association with screen time, sleep quality, and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Psychiatry, 24, Article 85. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-024-05512-w
Winarni, I. S., Susanti, M., & Pratama, R. R. (2025). Hubungan burnout dengan kualitas tidur mahasiswa tingkat akhir Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Baiturrahmah. Nusantara Hasana Journal, 5(3), 132–138. https://nusantarahasanajournal.com/index.php/nhj/article/view/1632
Yasawy, M. A., Mohammed, R. A., Yasawy, M. A., Hafiz, N. M., & Turkistani, H. A. (2021). Sleep quality among students in Ibn Sina National College. International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, 8(3), 1110–1114. https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20210789
Zahara, N., Puspasari, G., & Surawijaya, A. K. (2025). Stres akademik pada mahasiswa kedokteran tahun pertama tahap preklinik dan klinik di Universitas Kristen Maranatha. Sound of Health Journal, 1(3), 49–55. https://journal.maranatha.edu/index.php/shj/article/view/13476
Zakiei, A., Khazaie, H., Azadi, M., Mohsenpour, S., & Komasi, S. (2025). The mechanism of sleep quality’s effect on academic burnout: Examining the mediating role of perceived stress. BMC Medical Education, 25, Article 1018. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-025-07617-6
Zavarise, L. F., Gonçalves, C. R. L., Lustosa, N. G., Duarte, G. G. M., & Soares, E. A. (2023). Relation between sleep quality and academic achievement among medicine students: A systematic review. Research, Society and Development, 12(6), Article e11612642047. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i6.42047
Zhang, J., Xiang, S., Li, X., Tang, Y., & Hu, Q. (2024). The impact of stress on sleep quality: A mediation analysis based on longitudinal data. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, Article 1431234. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1431234
