EFEKTIVITAS TIM PENANGGULANGAN TUBERKULOSIS (TB): SISTEMATIS LITERATUR REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/healthy.v5i4.11122Keywords:
Efektivitas, Tim, Kinerja, Penanggulangan, TuberkulosisAbstract
ABSTRACT
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a health concern that requires integrated efforts among healthcare workers, cadres, communities, and primary healthcare services. This review aimed to analyze the factors influencing the effectiveness of TB control teams through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. The literature search was conducted from May to July 2026 through Google Scholar, PubMed, ResearchGate, and SpringerLink using the PRISMA guidelines. Articles published between 2021 and 2026 were screened through identification, screening, full-text eligibility assessment, and final selection, resulting in 15 eligible articles. The collected data were then analyzed thematically to identify recurring factors across the studies. The synthesis revealed that team effectiveness was associated with multidisciplinary collaboration, community-based service outreach, the capacity of healthcare workers and cadres, as well as organizational and primary healthcare support. The involvement of Community Health Workers (CHWs) also contributed to case detection, health education, and treatment support, while coordination, supervision, leadership, and organizational readiness influenced continuity of implementation. Thus, the effectiveness of TB control teams is shaped by the interconnectedness of these elements rather than by a single strategy operating independently. These findings provide a basis for strengthening integrated TB control and for guiding future testing of teamwork models across diverse healthcare settings.
ABSTRAK
Tuberkulosis (TB) tetap menjadi persoalan kesehatan yang menuntut keterpaduan kerja antara tenaga kesehatan, kader, komunitas, dan layanan primer. Kajian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi efektivitas tim penanggulangan TB melalui pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Penelusuran literatur dilakukan pada Mei–Juli 2026 melalui Google Scholar, PubMed, ResearchGate, dan SpringerLink dengan pedoman PRISMA. Artikel yang diterbitkan pada 2021–2026 diseleksi melalui tahap identifikasi, penyaringan, penilaian kelayakan full-text, dan seleksi akhir hingga diperoleh 15 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria. Data yang terkumpul kemudian dianalisis secara tematik untuk menemukan pola faktor yang berulang di antara studi. Sintesis memperlihatkan bahwa efektivitas tim berkaitan dengan kolaborasi multidisiplin, jangkauan pelayanan berbasis komunitas, kapasitas tenaga kesehatan dan kader, serta dukungan organisasi dan layanan kesehatan primer. Keterlibatan Community Health Workers (CHWs) turut berkontribusi dalam penemuan kasus, edukasi, dan pendampingan pengobatan, sedangkan koordinasi, supervisi, kepemimpinan, dan kesiapan organisasi memengaruhi kesinambungan pelaksanaan. Dengan demikian, efektivitas tim penanggulangan TB terbentuk dari keterhubungan berbagai unsur tersebut, bukan dari satu strategi yang bekerja secara terpisah. Temuan ini dapat menjadi pijakan untuk memperkuat pengendalian TB yang terintegrasi dan menjadi arah bagi pengujian model kerja tim pada konteks pelayanan yang beragam.
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