EKSPLORASI PERAN SUPERVISI AKADEMIK DALAM MENINGKATKAN PROFESIONALISME GURU

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Academic supervision is an important strategy for improving teachers’ professionalism in schools. The effectiveness of its implementation is influenced by the quality of planning, implementation, and follow-up of the supervision process. This study aims to describe the implementation of academic supervision at SMAN 5 Mataram and its role in improving teachers’ professionalism, including pedagogical, personal, social, and professional competencies, as well as to identify the supporting and inhibiting factors. This research employed a qualitative approach using a case study design. The research informants consisted of the principal, the vice principal for curriculum affairs, and subject teachers. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, while data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that academic supervision planning is carried out systematically through an annual coordination meeting preceded by mapping teachers’ needs. The implementation of supervision emphasizes a collaborative approach through classroom observations and individual conferences, while follow-up activities are conducted in the form of coaching and constructive feedback. Supporting factors include effective principal leadership, a collaborative school culture, and the availability of adequate facilities and infrastructure. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors include limited time, teachers’ workload, and limited technological facilities. Overall, consistent and participatory academic supervision contributes positively to improving teachers’ professionalism at SMAN 5 Mataram.

ABSTRAK

Supervisi akademik merupakan salah satu strategi penting dalam meningkatkan profesionalisme guru di sekolah. Keberhasilan pelaksanaannya dipengaruhi oleh kualitas perencanaan, pelaksanaan, serta tindak lanjut supervisi yang dilakukan secara berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan supervisi akademik di SMAN 5 Mataram serta perannya dalam meningkatkan profesionalisme guru yang meliputi kompetensi pedagogik, kepribadian, sosial, dan profesional, serta mengidentifikasi faktor pendukung dan penghambatnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis studi kasus. Informan penelitian terdiri atas kepala sekolah, wakil kepala sekolah bidang kurikulum, dan guru mata pelajaran. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi, sedangkan analisis data dilakukan melalui tahap reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perencanaan supervisi akademik dilakukan secara terstruktur melalui rapat awal tahun yang diawali dengan pemetaan kebutuhan guru. Pelaksanaan supervisi menekankan pendekatan kolaboratif melalui observasi kelas dan pembicaraan individual, sedangkan tindak lanjut dilakukan dalam bentuk pembinaan serta pemberian umpan balik yang konstruktif. Faktor pendukung pelaksanaan supervisi meliputi kepemimpinan kepala sekolah yang efektif, budaya sekolah yang kolaboratif, serta ketersediaan sarana dan prasarana. Adapun faktor penghambat meliputi keterbatasan waktu, beban kerja guru, serta keterbatasan fasilitas teknologi. Secara keseluruhan, supervisi akademik yang dilaksanakan secara konsisten dan partisipatif terbukti memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap peningkatan profesionalisme guru di SMAN 5 Mataram.