ANALISIS TUTURAN SOSIAL MASYARAKAT DESA PANIMBANG CIMANGGU KABUPATEN CILACAP DENGAN TEORI SPEAKING DELL HYMES 2025

Abstract

The linguistic phenomenon in Panimbang Village, Cimanggu District, Cilacap Regency, shows the continuity of the Sundanese language in the dominant area of the Javanese language, making it a linguistic context that needs to be studied empirically. This study aims to analyze the social speech of the Sundanese community in Panimbang Village, Cimanggu District, Cilacap Regency, through a Sociolinguistic approach using the SPEAKING model developed by Dell Hymes. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques, namely observation and interviews, on various speech events in the social realm such as markets, religious activities, and community meetings. The analysis was carried out using an extralingual matching method to reveal the social and cultural elements behind the forms of social speech of the community in Panimbang village, Cimanggu district, Cilacap district. The results of the study showed that the eight components in the SPEAKING model including Setting and Scene, Participants, Ends, Act Sequence, Key, Instrumentalities, Norms of Interaction and Interpretation, and Genre were identified in the speech of the people of Panimbang Village, Cimanggu District, Cilacap Regency.The speech of the Sundanese people in Panimbang village functions not only as a means of communication, but also as a medium for the expression of values such as solidarity, familiarity, and cultural identity. The implications of this research can be used as material for Indonesian language learning and continuous research involving other language fields, namely ethnolinguistics, which connect language with cultural aspects.

ABSTRAK

Fenomena kebahasaan di Desa Panimbang, Kecamatan Cimanggu, Kabupaten Cilacap, menunjukkan keberlangsungan bahasa Sunda dalam wilayah dominan bahasa Jawa, menjadikannya konteks linguistik yang perlu dikaji secara empirik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tuturan sosial masyarakat Sunda di Desa Panimbang, Kecamatan Cimanggu, Kabupaten Cilacap, melalui pendekatan Sosiolinguitik dengan menggunakan model SPEAKING yang dikembangkan oleh Dell Hymes. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu observasi dan wawancara, terhadap berbagai peristiwa tutur di ranah sosial seperti pasar, kegiatan keagamaan, dan rapat warga. Analisis dilakukan dengan metode padan ekstralingual untuk mengungkap unsur-unsur sosial dan budaya yang melatarbelakangi bentuk-bentuk tuturan sosial masyarakat di desa Panimbang, kecamatan Cimanggu, kabupaten Cilacap. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa delapan komponen dalam model SPEAKING meliputi Setting and Scene, Participants, Ends, Act Sequence, Key, Instrumentalities, Norms of Interaction and Interpretation, dan Genre teridentifikasi dalam tuturan masyarakat Desa Panimbang, Kecamatan Cimanggu, Kabupaten Cilacap. Tuturan masyarakat Sunda di desa Panimbang berfungsi tidak hanya sebagai sarana komunikasi, tetapi juga sebagai media ekspresi nilai-nilai sosial seperti solidaritas, keakraban, dan identitas budaya. Implikasi penelitian ini bisa dijadikan sebagai bahan pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia dan penelitian berkelanjutan yang melibatkan bidang bahasa lain, yaitu etnolinguistik, yang menghubungkan bahasa dengan aspek budaya.