PENGEMBANGAN VIDEO TUTORIAL TEKNIK SKETSA DAN ILUSTRASI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENERAPKAN GAMBAR BENTUK SISWA DKV

Abstract

Grade X students of Visual Communication Design (DKV) need visual representations that clearly demonstrate the application of sketching and illustration techniques in form drawing. Conventional classroom demonstrations are limited by viewing angle, instructional time, and opportunities for repeated observation. This study aimed to develop a hand-camera-based tutorial video on sketching and illustration techniques and to examine its effectiveness in improving students' applying ability (C3) in form drawing at SMKN 1 Boyolangu. The study used Research and Development with the ADDIE model and a Nonequivalent Control Group design. The participants were Grade X DKV 1 as the experimental class (n=32) and Grade X DKV 2 as the control class (n=34). Product feasibility was assessed by media, material, and instructional design experts. Effectiveness was examined using pretest, posttest, and N-Gain scores based on data corrected according to the official answer key. The validation results were 90% for media, 96% for material, and 98% for instructional design, with an overall feasibility score of 94.67%, categorized as Highly Feasible. The mean N-Gain was 0.706 (high) in the experimental class and 0.409 (medium) in the control class. A Mann-Whitney U test on N-Gain yielded U=357.500 and p=0.012, indicating a significant difference in learning improvement between the two groups. The findings indicate that the developed tutorial video is highly feasible and produced greater improvement in applying ability than conventional demonstration-based instruction in this trial.

ABSTRAK

Peserta didik kelas X Desain Komunikasi Visual (DKV) pada pembelajaran gambar bentuk memerlukan representasi visual yang dapat memperlihatkan proses penerapan teknik sketsa dan ilustrasi secara rinci. Demonstrasi konvensional di kelas memiliki keterbatasan sudut pandang, waktu, dan kesempatan peserta didik untuk mengulang pengamatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan video tutorial teknik sketsa dan ilustrasi berbasis hand camera yang layak digunakan serta menguji efektivitasnya dalam meningkatkan kemampuan menerapkan (C3) gambar bentuk peserta didik kelas X DKV SMKN 1 Boyolangu. Penelitian menggunakan Research and Development dengan model ADDIE dan desain Nonequivalent Control Group. Subjek terdiri atas kelas eksperimen X DKV 1 (n=32) dan kelas kontrol X DKV 2 (n=34). Kelayakan produk dinilai oleh ahli media, ahli materi, dan ahli desain pembelajaran. Keefektifan dianalisis dari skor pretest, posttest, dan N-Gain pada data yang telah dikoreksi berdasarkan kunci jawaban resmi. Hasil validasi menunjukkan persentase kelayakan ahli media 90%, ahli materi 96%, dan ahli desain pembelajaran 98%, dengan rata-rata 94,67% berkategori Sangat Layak. Rata-rata N-Gain kelas eksperimen sebesar 0,706 (kategori tinggi), sedangkan kelas kontrol 0,409 (kategori sedang). Uji Mann-Whitney terhadap N-Gain menghasilkan U=357,500, Z=-2,518, dan Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) = 0,012, sehingga terdapat perbedaan peningkatan yang signifikan antara kedua kelas. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa video tutorial yang dikembangkan layak digunakan dan memberikan peningkatan kemampuan menerapkan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan pembelajaran demonstrasi konvensional pada uji coba ini.