LAPAROSKOPI ATAU APENDEKTOMI TERBUKA? SEBUAH SYSTEMATIC REVIEW TERHADAP HASIL KLINIS PADA PASIEN DENGAN DUGAAN APENDISITIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/healthy.v4i3.6866Keywords:
Apendisitis Akut, Laparoscopic Appendectomy, Open Appendectomy, Hasil KlinisAbstract
ABSTRACT
Acute appendicitis is a common cause of emergency surgery, with treatment options including open appendectomy (OA) and laparoscopic appendectomy (LA), yet the debate over which method provides better clinical outcomes persists. This study aims to compare the postoperative clinical outcomes of LA and OA in patients suspected of appendicitis through a systematic review. Conducted following PRISMA guidelines, the review involved literature searches on PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar from 2018 to 2025. Out of 5,999 identified articles, 11 studies met the inclusion criteria and were analysed using narrative synthesis and comparative tables. Most studies showed that LA offered benefits such as shorter hospital stays, quicker recovery, and lower wound infection rates compared to OA. However, OA demonstrated advantages in cost-effectiveness and shorter operation times. While laparoscopic appendectomy provided superior clinical outcomes overall, open appendectomy remains relevant in settings with limited resources or when rapid surgery is necessary. Therefore, the choice of surgical method should consider both the patient’s clinical condition and the available healthcare resources.
ABSTRAK
Apendisitis akut merupakan salah satu penyebab tersering tindakan bedah darurat, dengan pilihan utama berupa apendektomi terbuka (OA) maupun apendektomi laparoskopi (LA), namun perdebatan mengenai metode yang lebih unggul dalam hasil klinis masih berlangsung. Kajian ini bertujuan membandingkan hasil klinis pascaoperasi antara LA dan OA pada pasien dengan dugaan apendisitis melalui systematic review. Penelitian disusun mengikuti pedoman PRISMA dengan penelusuran literatur pada PubMed, ScienceDirect, dan Google Scholar periode 2018–2025. Dari total 5.999 artikel yang teridentifikasi, sebanyak 11 studi memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan dianalisis menggunakan narrative synthesis serta tabel komparatif. Mayoritas studi menunjukkan bahwa LA memberikan keuntungan berupa rawat inap lebih singkat, pemulihan lebih cepat, serta tingkat infeksi luka lebih rendah dibandingkan OA. Sebaliknya, OA relatif unggul dari sisi efisiensi biaya dan durasi operasi yang lebih singkat. Apendektomi laparoskopi dinilai lebih unggul dalam aspek luaran klinis, namun apendektomi terbuka tetap relevan pada kondisi dengan keterbatasan fasilitas atau kebutuhan operasi cepat. Oleh karena itu, pemilihan metode sebaiknya mempertimbangkan kondisi klinis pasien dan sumber daya yang tersedia.
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