KOMPLIKASI ORBITA PADA RINOSINUSITIS KRONIS: KARAKTERISTIK DEWASA DAN KESENJANGAN DATA REGIONAL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/healthy.v5i3.13569Keywords:
Rinosinusitis Kronis, Komplikasi Orbita, Klasifikasi Chandler, Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS)Abstract
ABSTRACT
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) may lead to orbital complications due to the spread of inflammation through the lamina papyracea, potentially progressing from preseptal cellulitis to orbital abscess and cavernous sinus thrombosis. This narrative review aimed to synthesize current evidence regarding orbital complications of CRS in adult patients. A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and international consensus documents for publications from 2021–2026 with keywords related to CRS, orbital complications, and functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). A total of 30 eligible articles were selected through relevance screening, adult population criteria, and full-text availability, then synthesized using a narrative approach by comparing findings on the characteristics, classification, diagnosis, and management of orbital complications in chronic rhinosinusitis. The review found that the most common orbital complications of CRS were mucoceles and chronic orbital abscesses. The Chandler classification remains the primary framework for determining the severity of orbital complications and guiding clinical management, while FESS is the preferred surgical intervention for advanced cases or patients who fail to respond to conservative treatment. This review highlights that early diagnosis, appropriate application of the Chandler classification, and timely therapeutic intervention are essential for improving clinical outcomes. The limited availability of Indonesian data underscores the need for multicenter prospective studies to support the development of evidence-based national clinical guidelines.
ABSTRAK
Rinosinusitis kronis (RSK) dapat menyebabkan komplikasi orbita akibat penyebaran inflamasi melalui lamina papirasea, yang berpotensi berkembang dari selulitis preseptal hingga abses orbita dan trombosis sinus kavernosus. Tinjauan naratif ini bertujuan mensintesis bukti terkini mengenai komplikasi orbita pada RSK pada pasien dewasa. Penelusuran literatur dilakukan melalui PubMed, Google Scholar, dan dokumen konsensus internasional untuk publikasi tahun 2021–2026 menggunakan kata kunci terkait RSK, komplikasi orbita, dan functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). Artikel diseleksi berdasarkan relevansi, populasi dewasa, dan ketersediaan teks lengkap, sehingga diperoleh 30 artikel yang dianalisis secara naratif. Sintesis dilakukan dengan mengelompokkan temuan berdasarkan karakteristik komplikasi orbita, pendekatan diagnosis, klasifikasi Chandler, serta strategi penatalaksanaan untuk mengidentifikasi pola temuan, kesamaan, dan perbedaan hasil antarpenelitian. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa komplikasi orbita pada RSK umumnya berupa mukokel dan abses orbita kronis. Klasifikasi Chandler tetap menjadi acuan dalam menentukan derajat komplikasi dan tata laksana, sedangkan FESS merupakan terapi utama pada kasus dengan komplikasi lanjut atau yang tidak responsif terhadap terapi konservatif. Kajian ini menegaskan bahwa diagnosis dini, penerapan klasifikasi Chandler, dan pemilihan terapi yang tepat berperan penting dalam meningkatkan luaran klinis. Keterbatasan data di Indonesia menunjukkan perlunya penelitian prospektif multisenter untuk mendukung penyusunan pedoman tata laksana berbasis bukti.
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