PENGEMBANGAN DAN ANALISIS PROPERTI PSIKOMETRI ALAT UKUR STATUS IDENTITAS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/cendekia.v6i2.9624Keywords:
Status Identitas, Pengembangan Alat Ukur, Validitas, ReliabilitasAbstract
Identity is an important aspect of an individual’s psychosocial development, particularly during late adolescence and early adulthood, when individuals begin to explore various life choices and form commitments to certain values and roles. In this context, the concept of identity status proposed by Marcia (1966) emphasizes two main dimensions, namely exploration and commitment, which emerge across various domains of life. The availability of measurement instruments that specifically assess identity status across important domains within the Indonesian cultural context remains limited. Therefore, this study aims to develop and analyze the psychometric properties of an identity status instrument based on the theory of James E. Marcia across four domains: religion, education, occupation, and marriage. This study employed a quantitative approach with a measurement development design. The sample consisted of 209 individuals aged 18–25 years in the Greater Bandung area. The instrument was constructed using a Likert scale and developed through several stages. In the initial stage, 62 items were generated, which were then reduced to 49 items after item selection. Construct validity was examined using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), which showed that the model in each dimension demonstrated an adequate fit. For the commitment dimension, the fit indices were CFI = 0.920; TLI = 0.909; RMSEA = 0.071; and SRMR = 0.069. For the exploration dimension, the fit indices were CFI = 0.920; TLI = 0.910; RMSEA = 0.071; and SRMR = 0.060. Although the chi-square value was significant (p < 0.001), other indices indicated an acceptable fit. Reliability testing showed excellent internal consistency, with Cronbach’s alpha values of 0.937 (commitment) and 0.907 (exploration). Therefore, this instrument can be considered valid and reliable for measuring identity status within the Indonesian cultural context.
Identitas merupakan aspek penting dalam perkembangan psikososial individu, terutama pada masa remaja akhir dan dewasa awal ketika individu mulai mengeksplorasi berbagai pilihan hidup serta membentuk komitmen terhadap nilai dan peran tertentu. Dalam konteks ini, konsep status identitas yang dikemukakan oleh Marcia (1966) menekankan dua dimensi utama, yaitu eksplorasi dan komitmen, yang muncul dalam berbagai domain kehidupan. Ketersediaan alat ukur yang secara spesifik mengukur status identitas dalam berbagai domain penting pada konteks budaya Indonesia masih terbatas. Sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan dan menganalisis psikometri instrumen status identitas yang dikembangkan berdasarkan teori James E. Marcia pada empat domain, yaitu agama, pendidikan, pekerjaan, dan pernikahan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain pengembangan alat ukur. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 209 individu berusia 18–25 tahun di wilayah Bandung Raya. Instrumen disusun menggunakan skala Likert melalui beberapa tahap pengembangan. Pada tahap awal, terdapat 62 item, yang kemudian diseleksi menjadi 49 item.Uji validitas konstruk menggunakan Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) menunjukkan bahwa model pada setiap dimensi memiliki kecocokan yang memadai. Pada dimensi komitmen diperoleh CFI = 0,920; TLI = 0,909; RMSEA = 0,071; dan SRMR = 0,069, sedangkan pada dimensi eksplorasi diperoleh CFI = 0,920; TLI = 0,910; RMSEA = 0,071; dan SRMR = 0,060. Meskipun nilai chi-square signifikan (p < 0,001), indeks lainnya menunjukkan kategori acceptable fit. Uji reliabilitas menunjukkan konsistensi internal sangat baik dengan nilai Cronbach’s alpha sebesar 0,937 (komitmen) dan 0,907 (eksplorasi). Dengan demikian, instrumen ini dinyatakan valid dan reliabel untuk mengukur status identitas dalam konteks budaya Indonesia.
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