EFEKTIVITAS SENAM AEROBIK LOW IMPACT SEBAGAI UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MOTORIK KASAR ANAK USIA 5-6 TAHUN

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Gross motor skills are an important aspect of early childhood development because they are related to body movement coordination, balance, agility, and physical strength. The problem addressed in this study was the low level of gross motor skills among children, indicating the need for activities that can optimally stimulate their development. One of the efforts implemented was low-impact aerobic exercise. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of low-impact aerobic exercise on the gross motor skills of children aged 5–6 years at TK Garuda, Pamenang District. This study employed a quantitative approach with a pre-experimental design using the One Group Pretest-Posttest Design model. The research sample consisted of 24 children aged 5–6 years at TK Garuda, Pamenang District, selected through total sampling. Data were collected through observation using a gross motor skills assessment sheet. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and hypothesis testing through the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The results showed an improvement in children’s gross motor skills after the treatment, indicating that low-impact aerobic exercise was effective in improving gross motor skills among children aged 5–6 years. The pretest results showed a score of 430 out of an ideal score of 576, with an average score of 17.92 and an achievement percentage of 74.65%. After the implementation of low-impact aerobic exercise, the posttest score increased to 473 out of 576, with an average score of 19.71 and an achievement percentage of 82.12%. The hypothesis test results showed an Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) value of 0.000 < 0.05, meaning that H₀ was rejected and Hₐ was accepted.

ABSTRAK

Kemampuan motorik kasar merupakan aspek penting dalam perkembangan anak usia dini karena berkaitan dengan koordinasi gerakan tubuh, keseimbangan, kelincahan, serta kekuatan fisik anak. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah masih rendahnya kemampuan motorik kasar anak, sehingga diperlukan kegiatan yang dapat menstimulasi perkembangan tersebut secara optimal. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan adalah melalui kegiatan senam aerobik low impact. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas senam aerobik low impact terhadap kemampuan motorik kasar anak usia 5–6 tahun di TK Garuda Kecamatan Pamenang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian pre-experimental design melalui model One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 24 anak usia 5–6 tahun di TK Garuda Kecamatan Pamenang yang dipilih menggunakan teknik total sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi menggunakan lembar penilaian kemampuan motorik kasar anak. Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif serta uji hipotesis menggunakan Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan kemampuan motorik kasar anak setelah diberikan perlakuan sehingga senam aerobik low impact efektif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan motorik kasar anak usia 5–6 tahun. Pada hasil pretest diperoleh skor sebesar 430 dari skor ideal 576 dengan rata-rata 17,92 dan persentase ketercapaian 74,65%. Setelah diberikan perlakuan berupa senam aerobik low impact, hasil posttest meningkat menjadi 473 dari skor ideal 576 dengan rata-rata 19,71 dan persentase ketercapaian 82,12%. Hasil uji hipotesis menunjukkan nilai Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,000 < 0,05, sehingga H₀ ditolak dan Hₐ diterima.