PENGARUH KONSELING KELOMPOK PENDEKATAN REALITA TERHADAP PENYESUAIAN DIRI PADA SISWA

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Self-adjustment is related to students’ ability to respond to academic demands, social relationships, school rules, and personal responsibilities. Low levels of self-adjustment among students at SMP Negeri 2 Lenek prompted the implementation of group counseling services using a reality approach. This study aimed to examine differences in the self-adjustment of seventh- and eighth-grade students before and after participating in the service. The study employed a quantitative approach with a One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. From a population of 127 students, 12 students categorized as having low self-adjustment were selected through purposive sampling. The primary data were collected using a questionnaire, while observations, interviews, and documentation were used as supporting data. The service was conducted in four sessions, each lasting 40 minutes, through the stages of initiation, transition, activity, and termination. Differences in scores before and after the service were analyzed using a paired-samples t-test. The mean score increased from 34.92 to 63.67, with a mean difference of 28.75 points. The analysis yielded t = -12.721, df = 11, and p < 0.001, indicating a significant difference in students’ self-adjustment scores before and after the service. This finding describes a change in scores among the research subjects but does not establish that the change was entirely caused by the reality-based group counseling service. The finding is also bounded by the use of a single group without a control group.

ABSTRAK

Penyesuaian diri berkaitan dengan kemampuan siswa merespons tuntutan akademik, relasi sosial, aturan sekolah, dan tanggung jawab pribadi. Kondisi penyesuaian diri yang rendah pada siswa SMP Negeri 2 Lenek mendorong pelaksanaan layanan konseling kelompok dengan pendekatan realita. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbedaan penyesuaian diri siswa kelas VII dan VIII sebelum dan sesudah mengikuti layanan tersebut. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Dari 127 siswa, 12 siswa berkategori penyesuaian diri rendah dipilih melalui purposive sampling. Data utama diperoleh melalui angket, sedangkan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi digunakan sebagai data pendukung. Layanan diberikan dalam empat pertemuan berdurasi 40 menit melalui tahap permulaan, transisi, kegiatan, dan akhir. Perbedaan skor sebelum dan sesudah layanan dianalisis menggunakan paired-samples t-test. Rata-rata skor meningkat dari 34,92 menjadi 63,67 dengan selisih 28,75 poin. Pengujian menghasilkan t = -12,721, df = 11, dan p < 0,001, yang menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan antara skor penyesuaian diri sebelum dan sesudah layanan. Temuan ini menggambarkan perubahan skor pada subjek penelitian, tetapi belum menjadi bukti bahwa perubahan tersebut sepenuhnya disebabkan oleh layanan konseling kelompok pendekatan realita. Temuan ini dibatasi oleh penggunaan satu kelompok tanpa kelompok kontrol.