ANALYSIS THE QUALITY OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS' ANSWERS USING SOLO TAXONOMY BASED INSTRUMENTS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/secondary.v6i3.12494Abstract
Students’ understanding of fluid concepts at the senior high school level remains relatively low, as many students are able to apply formulas but still experience difficulties in connecting concepts comprehensively. This study aimed to analyze the quality of students’ responses on fluid topics based on the SOLO Taxonomy. A quantitative descriptive method was employed involving 80 eleventh-grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Medan selected through cluster sampling. The research instrument was a SOLO Taxonomy-based diagnostic test consisting of 12 valid items. Data were analyzed by classifying students’ responses into SOLO levels and determining the distribution of understanding levels achieved. The results showed that the instrument had good reliability with a coefficient of 0.887, discrimination indices predominantly in the very good category, and varied levels of difficulty. The analysis revealed that the multistructural level was the most dominant level of understanding achieved by students. This finding indicates that most students were able to understand several relevant concepts but had not yet integrated them into a coherent conceptual framework. Consequently, students’ understanding tended to reflect surface learning rather than deep learning. Therefore, instructional strategies that promote higher levels of conceptual understanding are needed.
ABSTRAK
Pemahaman konsep fluida pada siswa sekolah menengah atas masih tergolong rendah karena banyak siswa mampu menggunakan rumus, tetapi mengalami kesulitan dalam menghubungkan konsep secara menyeluruh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kualitas jawaban siswa pada materi fluida berdasarkan Taksonomi SOLO. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan melibatkan 80 siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Medan yang dipilih melalui teknik cluster sampling. Instrumen penelitian berupa tes diagnostik berbasis Taksonomi SOLO yang terdiri atas 12 butir soal valid. Data dianalisis dengan mengelompokkan jawaban siswa ke dalam level SOLO dan menghitung distribusi tingkat pemahaman yang dicapai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa instrumen memiliki reliabilitas yang baik dengan koefisien sebesar 0,887, daya pembeda yang didominasi kategori sangat baik, serta tingkat kesukaran yang bervariasi. Analisis jawaban siswa menunjukkan bahwa level multistruktural merupakan tingkat pemahaman yang paling dominan. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar siswa telah mampu memahami beberapa konsep yang relevan, tetapi belum mampu mengintegrasikannya secara utuh sehingga pemahaman yang dimiliki masih cenderung berada pada tahap surface learning dibandingkan deep learning. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan strategi pembelajaran yang dapat mendorong siswa mencapai tingkat pemahaman yang lebih tinggi.
Downloads
References
Ahmad, F. A. K., Meshkat, M., & Taghipour, M. (2024). Using SOLO model for evaluation of students’ physics learning. Physics Journal Farhangian University, 1(1), 55–65. https://doi.org/10.48310/esip.2024.17397.1006
Atmaja, D. Y. S., & Samsudin, A. (2024). Are there misconceptions in my class? Misconception analysis with T3-SF (three tier-test on static fluid). Tarbiyah: Jurnal Ilmiah Kependidikan, 13(2), 155–170. https://doi.org/10.18592/tarbiyah.v13i2.13518
Biggs, J. B., & Collis, K. F. (1982). Evaluating the quality of learning: The SOLO taxonomy (Structure of the Observed Learning Outcome). Academic Press.
Claudia, L. F., Kusmayadi, T. A., & Fitriana, L. (2020). The SOLO taxonomy: Classify students’ responses in solving linear program problems. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1538(1), Article 012107. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1538/1/012107
Damopolii, I., Nunaki, J. H., Nusantari, E., & Kandowangko, N. Y. (2020). The effectiveness of inquiry-based learning to train students’ thinking skill based on SOLO taxonomy. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1567(4), Article 042025. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1567/4/042025
Fatmawati, W., Parno, & Diantoro, M. (2025). Identification of students’ mastery level of physics concepts in static fluid material. Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika dan Teknologi, 11(1), 26–33. https://doi.org/10.29303/jpft.v11i1.8360
Fernandez, P. J. M., & Guzon, A. F. H. (2025). A SOLO taxonomy-based rubric for assessing conceptual understanding in applied calculus. Journal on Mathematics Education, 16(2), 559–580. https://doi.org/10.22342/jme.v16i2.pp559-580
Hartanti, D., Djudin, T., & Mursyid, S. (2021). Analisis tingkat berpikir dalam menyelesaikan soal gerak parabola menggunakan taksonomi Structure of the Observed Learning Outcomes (SOLO) siswa kelas X MIA SMAN 1 Sungai Raya. Jurnal Inovasi Penelitian dan Pembelajaran Fisika, 2(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.26418/jippf.v2i1.44591
Hasan, B. (2017). Karakteristik respon peserta didik dalam menyelesaikan soal geometri berdasarkan taksonomi SOLO. JINoP (Jurnal Inovasi Pembelajaran), 3(1), 449–458. https://doi.org/10.22219/jinop.v3i1.4282
Hutasoit, Y., Nahor, D. B., Sianturi, E. S., Sati, L., & Simatupang, N. T. (2025). Studi literatur miskonsepsi siswa pada materi fluida dan tekanan zat cair. Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.9644/sindoro.v3i9.252
Kaharuddin, A., & Hajeniati, N. (2020). An identification of students’ responses based on SOLO taxonomy in mathematics learning toward learning activities and learning outcomes. Al-Jabar: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 11(2), 191–200. https://doi.org/10.24042/ajpm.v11i2.6270
Koto, I., & Ilhami, D. (2023). High-school students’ conceptual understanding of fluid dynamics following online learning during the coronavirus pandemics. In Proceedings Mathematics and Science Education International Seminar (pp. 117–125). Universitas Negeri Semarang.
Kurniawan, R. V. (2023). Analisis pemahaman konsep siswa pada topik fluida statis. TEACHING: Jurnal Inovasi Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, 3(1), 67–73. https://doi.org/10.51878/teaching.v3i1.2165
Mindayani, N., Hadi, W., & Ambarita, B. (2019). The development of SOLO taxonomy based assessment tool on text of observation reports of X grade students of senior high school 1 NA. IX-X. Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal, 2(4), 371–381.
Mulbar, U., Rahman, A., & Ahmar, A. S. (2017). Analysis of the ability in mathematical problem-solving based on SOLO taxonomy and cognitive style. World Transactions on Engineering and Technology Education, 15(1), 68–73.
Muki, B. G., Aviyanti, L., & Nawas, A. (2025). Investigation of students’ conceptual understanding of fluids in Kupang City and Sabu Raijua District. Momentum: Physics Education Journal, 9(1), 144–162. https://doi.org/10.21067/mpej.v9i1.11056
OECD. (2023). PISA 2022 results: Factsheets—Indonesia. OECD Publishing.
Putri, R. A., Permana, H., & Nasbey, H. (2023). Identifikasi miskonsepsi materi fluida dinamis dengan menggunakan tes diagnostik four-tier untuk siswa SMA kelas XI. Joint Prosiding IPS dan Seminar Nasional Fisika, 11(1), PF181–PF186. https://doi.org/10.21009/03.1102.pf25
Putri, U. H., Mardiyana, M., & Saputro, D. R. S. (2017). How to analyze the students’ thinking levels based on SOLO taxonomy? Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 895(1), Article 012031. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/895/1/012031
Sabani, Panggabean, D. D., & Ramadhani, I. (2026). Asesmen pembelajaran mendalam pada bidang studi fisika. PT MAFY Media Literasi Indonesia.
Tian, P., Fan, Y., Sun, D., & Li, Y. (2024). Evaluating students’ computation skills in learning amount of substance based on SOLO taxonomy in secondary schools. International Journal of Science Education, 46(15), 1578–1600. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2023.2291691
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 SECONDARY: Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Menengah

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.















