IMPLEMENTASI 5S (SEIRI, SEITON, SEISO, SEIKETSU, DAN SHITSUKE) DALAM PENGUATAN SOFT SKILLS SISWA SMK

Abstract

Strengthening vocational students' soft skills and industry work culture is an urgent necessity to bridge the gap between graduate competencies and labor market demands. This study aims to analyze the implementation of 5S management as a strategy for strengthening students’ soft skills at SMK Negeri 2 Banjar. The research focuses on the application of Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, and Shitsuke, their role in shaping students’ work behavior, and the managerial challenges that arise during implementation. This study employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive case study design. The informants consisted of the principal, vice principal, and four students involved in practical learning activities. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, observation of practical learning areas, and school document review. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis through coding, theme grouping, theme review, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that 5S has been implemented through tool sorting, practical room arrangement, workplace cleanliness, facility-use rules, and discipline habituation. These practices contribute to students’ discipline, responsibility, teamwork, and communication, although implementation has not been fully consistent. The main challenges include students’ consistency, differences in teacher supervision, and incomplete instruments for evaluating 5S and soft skills. These findings indicate that 5S should be managed as a work culture system, not merely as a routine. This study recommends strengthening practical room SOPs, aligning supervision standards, and integrating 5S indicators into practical assessment.

ABSTRAK

Penguatan soft skills dan budaya kerja industri di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) merupakan kebutuhan mendesak untuk memperkecil kesenjangan antara kompetensi lulusan dan kebutuhan dunia kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis implementasi manajemen 5S sebagai strategi penguatan soft skills siswa SMK Negeri 2 Banjar. Fokus penelitian mencakup pelaksanaan prinsip Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, dan Shitsuke, perannya dalam pembiasaan perilaku kerja siswa, serta kendala manajerial yang muncul dalam penerapannya. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus deskriptif. Informan terdiri atas kepala sekolah, wakil kepala sekolah, dan empat siswa yang terlibat dalam kegiatan praktik. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara semi-terstruktur, observasi lingkungan praktik, dan telaah dokumen sekolah. Analisis data menggunakan analisis tematik melalui tahap pengodean, pengelompokan tema, peninjauan tema, dan penarikan simpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 5S telah diterapkan melalui pemilahan alat, penataan ruang praktik, kebersihan area kerja, aturan penggunaan fasilitas, dan pembiasaan disiplin. Penerapan tersebut berperan dalam membangun disiplin, tanggung jawab, kerja sama, dan komunikasi siswa, meskipun belum fully terintegrasi secara seragam. Kendala utama meliputi konsistensi siswa, perbedaan pengawasan guru, serta belum lengkapnya instrumen evaluasi 5S dan soft skills. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa 5S perlu dikelola sebagai sistem budaya kerja, bukan sekadar kegiatan kebersihan rutin di ruang praktik sekolah. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penguatan SOP ruang praktik, penyamaan standar pengawasan, dan integrasi indikator 5S dalam penilaian praktik sekolah secara berkelanjutan.