STUDI LITERATUR: KAJIAN TEORITIS DAN PRAKTIS PENGGUNAAN TEKNIK HOMEROOM DALAM BIMBINGAN KELOMPOK

Abstract

ABSTRACT

The homeroom technique is an approach to group guidance that places a familial atmosphere, openness, and psychological safety at the center of student interaction. This study aims to analyze the use of the homeroom technique in group guidance, covering its concept, implementation stages, advantages, and contribution to students’ academic, socio-personal, and career development. The study employed a systematic literature review by examining relevant scholarly sources and guidance and counseling service planning documents. The literature search was conducted through Google Scholar, SINTA, and institutional repositories using inclusion criteria consisting of thematic relevance, publications from 2012–2026, full-text availability, and sources written in Indonesian or English. The data were analyzed through content analysis and narrative synthesis by identifying, categorizing, comparing, and integrating findings according to the themes of the study. The results indicate that the homeroom technique contributes positively to career maturity, self-confidence, academic efficacy, learning motivation, and group cohesiveness. The familial atmosphere also supports the development of psychological safety, which encourages openness, empathy, and student participation. Integrating homeroom with SWOT analysis and a career plan strengthens students’ self-understanding, career exploration, decision-making, and career planning processes.

ABSTRAK

Teknik homeroom merupakan pendekatan dalam bimbingan kelompok yang menempatkan suasana kekeluargaan, keterbukaan, dan rasa aman sebagai dasar interaksi peserta didik. Kajian ini bertujuan menganalisis penggunaan teknik homeroom dalam bimbingan kelompok, meliputi konsep, tahapan pelaksanaan, keunggulan, serta kontribusinya terhadap perkembangan akademik, sosial-pribadi, dan karier peserta didik. Penelitian menggunakan studi literatur sistematis dengan menelaah sumber ilmiah yang relevan dan dokumen perencanaan layanan bimbingan dan konseling. Penelusuran dilakukan melalui Google Scholar, SINTA, dan repositori institusional dengan kriteria inklusi berupa relevansi tema, publikasi tahun 2022–2026, ketersediaan teks penuh, serta penggunaan Bahasa Indonesia atau Bahasa Inggris. Data dianalisis melalui analisis isi (content analysis) dan sintesis naratif (narrative synthesis) dengan mengidentifikasi, mengelompokkan, membandingkan, dan mengintegrasikan temuan berdasarkan tema kajian. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa teknik homeroom berkontribusi positif terhadap kematangan karier, kepercayaan diri, efikasi akademik, motivasi belajar, dan kohesivitas kelompok. Suasana kekeluargaan juga mendukung terbentuknya psychological safety yang mendorong keterbukaan, empati, dan partisipasi peserta didik. Integrasi homeroom dengan analisis SWOT dan career plan memperkuat proses pemahaman diri, eksplorasi, pengambilan keputusan, dan perencanaan karier.