ANALISIS HAKIKAT ONTOLOGIS DAN NILAI AKSIOLOGIS KONSEP FALAH DALAM EKONOMI ISLAM SEBAGAI TUJUAN AKHIR KEGIATAN EKONOMI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/moneter.v2i2.9803Keywords:
falah, Filsafat Ekonomi Islam, Maq??id Al-Syar?‘Ah, Kesejahteraan Islami, Pembangunan Berkelanjutan, Philosophy Of Islamic Economics, Maq??id Al-Syar?‘Ah , Islamic Well-Being, Sustainable DevelopmentAbstract
ABSTRACTThe philosophy of Islamic economics does not merely address market mechanisms, production, or distribution, but rather explores the underlying values and meanings of economic activities themselves. Within the Islamic paradigm, economic activity is ultimately oriented toward falah true prosperity that encompasses worldly happiness and eternal salvation. This study examines falah as the core purpose and guiding direction of Islamic economic development through ontological, epistemological, axiological, and applicative approaches. Employing a philosophical-critical analysis of normative texts (the Qur’an and Hadith), classical fiqh literature, and contemporary studies on maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah and Islamic well-being, the research reveals that ontologically, falah represents genuine well-being encompassing material, spiritual, and moral dimensions, positioning humans as khalifah with both social and transcendental responsibilities. Epistemologically, falah is rooted in the framework of maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah, which guides Islamic economic knowledge toward the preservation of religion, life, intellect, lineage, and wealth. Axiologically, falah serves as the moral principle and ultimate objective of Islamic economic activities, emphasizing justice, balance, and public welfare. Consequently, the philosophy of falah provides a strategic direction for Islamic economic development that goes beyond mere economic growth to promote distributive justice, barakah (divine blessing), and holistic well-being. Thus, falah emerges as an integrative philosophical foundation for building an Islamic economic system that is just, sustainable, and imbued with spiritual value.
ABSTRAK
Filsafat ilmu ekonomi Islam tidak sekadar berbicara tentang mekanisme pasar, produksi, dan distribusi, melainkan tentang nilai dan makna mendasar dari aktivitas ekonomi itu sendiri. Dalam paradigma Islam, kegiatan ekonomi memiliki orientasi akhir yaitu falah kesejahteraan hakiki yang mencakup kebahagiaan dunia dan keselamatan akhirat. Penelitian ini mengkaji konsep falah sebagai inti tujuan dan arah pembangunan ekonomi Islam melalui pendekatan ontologis, epistemologis, aksiologis, dan aplikatif dengan metode analisis filosofis-kritis terhadap teks normatif, literatur fikih klasik, serta kajian kontemporer tentang maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah dan kesejahteraan Islami. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara ontologis, falah merepresentasikan kesejahteraan hakiki yang mencakup dimensi material, spiritual, dan moral, dengan manusia berperan sebagai khalifah yang bertanggung jawab sosial dan transendental. Secara epistemologis, falah berakar pada maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah yang menuntun sistem pengetahuan ekonomi Islam menuju pemeliharaan agama, jiwa, akal, keturunan, dan harta. Dari sisi aksiologis, falah berfungsi sebagai prinsip moral dan tujuan akhir aktivitas ekonomi Islam yang berorientasi pada keadilan, keseimbangan, dan kemaslahatan. Implikasinya, filsafat falah memberikan arah strategis bagi pembangunan ekonomi Islam agar tidak hanya mengejar pertumbuhan (growth), tetapi juga keadilan distributif, keberkahan (barakah), dan kesejahteraan holistik. Dengan demikian, falah menjadi fondasi filosofis yang integratif dalam membangun sistem ekonomi Islam yang berkeadilan, berkelanjutan, dan bernilai ibadah.
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