PERBANDINGAN PENDAPATAN USAHATANI KOPI ARABIKA DAN ROBUSTA DI DESA WONOANTI KECAMATAN TULAKAN KABUPATEN PACITAN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/moneter.v2i2.14293Keywords:
Kopi Arabika, Kopi Robusta, Pendapatan Usahatani, Usahatani Kopi, Analisis KomparatifAbstract
ABSTRACT
Coffee is a strategic plantation commodity that contributes significantly to farmers' income and rural economic development. However, comparative studies examining the income differences between Arabica and Robusta coffee farming at the farm level in Pacitan Regency remain limited. This study aimed to analyse and compare the income of Arabica and Robusta coffee farming in Wonoanti Village, Tulakan District, Pacitan Regency. A quantitative survey approach was employed involving 64 coffee farmers, consisting of 28 Arabica farmers and 36 Robusta farmers. Samples were selected using proportional random sampling, while data were analysed through production cost, revenue, income analyses, and the Independent Samples t-test. The results showed that the average income from Arabica coffee farming was IDR 25,797,000/ha/year, which was higher than that of Robusta coffee farming at IDR 21,734,000/ha/year. Although Robusta produced higher yields, the higher selling price of Arabica generated greater farm income. The Independent Samples t-test yielded a significance value of 0.041 (p < 0.05), indicating a statistically significant difference in income between the two groups. The study concludes that farmers' income is influenced more by product value and quality than by productivity alone. These findings provide an empirical basis for developing strategies to improve post-harvest quality, strengthen farmer institutions, and expand access to value-added coffee markets.
ABSTRAK
Kopi merupakan komoditas perkebunan strategis yang berkontribusi terhadap pendapatan petani dan pembangunan ekonomi pedesaan. Namun, kajian yang membandingkan pendapatan usahatani kopi Arabika dan Robusta pada tingkat petani di Kabupaten Pacitan masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dan membandingkan pendapatan usahatani kopi Arabika dan Robusta di Desa Wonoanti, Kecamatan Tulakan, Kabupaten Pacitan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survei terhadap 64 petani kopi yang terdiri atas 28 petani Arabika dan 36 petani Robusta. Sampel ditentukan menggunakan proportional random sampling, sedangkan analisis data meliputi analisis biaya produksi, penerimaan, pendapatan, dan Independent Sample t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata pendapatan usahatani kopi Arabika sebesar Rp25.797.000/ha/tahun, lebih tinggi dibandingkan kopi Robusta sebesar Rp21.734.000/ha/tahun. Meskipun produksi Robusta lebih tinggi, harga jual Arabika yang lebih baik menghasilkan pendapatan yang lebih besar. Nilai signifikansi uji Independent Sample t-test sebesar 0,041 (p<0,05) menunjukkan adanya perbedaan pendapatan yang signifikan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa peningkatan pendapatan petani lebih dipengaruhi oleh nilai jual dan kualitas produk dibandingkan produktivitas semata. Temuan ini menjadi dasar penyusunan strategi peningkatan mutu pascapanen, penguatan kelembagaan petani, dan perluasan akses pasar kopi bernilai tambah.
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