KARAKTERISTIK PESERTA DIDIK SEKOLAH DASAR DI ERA ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/elementary.v4i4.15064Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence, Karakteristik Peserta Didik, Literasi AI, Pendidikan Dasar, Systematic Literature ReviewAbstract
ABSTRACT
The transformation brought about by artificial intelligence (AI) in primary education is shifting the focus of learning beyond the mere use of technology toward understanding students’ readiness as both users and learners of AI. This study explores the cognitive, affective, and behavioral characteristics of primary school students in the AI era while identifying factors associated with their development. A qualitative approach was employed through a systematic literature review (SLR) guided by the PRISMA 2020 protocol. The literature search was conducted through Google Scholar and complemented by relevant scholarly publications, yielding 75 references that met the eligibility criteria. Following the selection process, 20 references were retained as the basis for thematic synthesis because of their direct relevance to the research focus. The synthesis indicates that students demonstrate high levels of interest in and acceptance of AI, whereas their conceptual understanding and ability to use AI consciously and critically are still developing. These characteristics are shaped by the interaction of learning experiences, motivation, AI literacy, teacher support, family involvement, and instructional design. The findings position students’ characteristics as a key foundation for integrating AI into primary education. Accordingly, AI curricula and learning activities should be developed progressively, contextually, ethically, and in ways that are responsive to students’ developmental needs.
ABSTRAK
Transformasi artificial intelligence (AI) pada pendidikan dasar menggeser fokus pembelajaran dari sekadar pemanfaatan teknologi menuju pemahaman tentang kesiapan peserta didik sebagai pengguna sekaligus pembelajar AI. Kajian ini mengeksplorasi karakteristik kognitif, afektif, dan perilaku peserta didik sekolah dasar di era AI, sekaligus mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berkaitan dengan pembentukannya. Pendekatan kualitatif ditempuh melalui systematic literature review (SLR) dengan mengikuti protokol PRISMA 2020. Penelusuran literatur dilakukan pada Google Scholar dan diperkuat oleh publikasi bereputasi yang relevan, sehingga terkumpul 75 rujukan yang memenuhi kriteria kelayakan. Setelah proses seleksi, 20 rujukan dipilih sebagai dasar sintesis tematik karena memiliki keterkaitan paling langsung dengan fokus penelitian. Sintesis menunjukkan bahwa peserta didik memiliki ketertarikan dan penerimaan yang tinggi terhadap AI, sementara pemahaman konseptual serta kemampuan menggunakan AI secara sadar dan kritis masih berkembang. Karakteristik tersebut terbentuk melalui interaksi antara pengalaman belajar, motivasi, literasi AI, dukungan guru, keterlibatan keluarga, serta desain pembelajaran yang diterapkan di sekolah. Temuan ini menempatkan karakteristik peserta didik sebagai landasan utama integrasi AI pada pendidikan dasar. Implikasinya, pengembangan kurikulum dan pembelajaran AI perlu dirancang secara bertahap, kontekstual, etis, dan berpusat pada perkembangan peserta didik agar teknologi menjadi sarana pembelajaran yang bermakna, bukan sekadar inovasi digital.
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