ANALISIS STUDI DESKRIPTIF KESULITAN BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI PERKALIAN DAN PEMBAGIAN KELAS IV
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/educational.v6i3.10572Keywords:
Kesulitan Belajar, Materi Perkalian dan PembagianAbstract
ABSTRACT
This study was motivated by the importance of mastering basic multiplication facts as a foundation for mathematics learning in elementary school. The study aimed to describe the learning difficulties experienced by fourth-grade students of MI NW Badrussalam in multiplication and division of hundreds numbers. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with the teacher and fourth-grade students, as well as documentation of students’ multiplication memorization records. Data analysis was conducted through data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that the students’ main difficulty stemmed from weak mastery of basic multiplication facts. Many students had not memorized basic multiplication properly, causing difficulties in solving long multiplication and division problems involving hundreds numbers. These findings were supported by documentation data indicating that most students had not mastered the multiplication sequences from 1 to 15. Therefore, weak mastery of basic multiplication facts became the main factor affecting students’ ability to solve more complex arithmetic operations. This study is expected to serve as a reflection for teachers in designing more effective learning strategies to strengthen students’ mastery of basic multiplication facts.
ABSTRACT
This study was motivated by the importance of mastering basic multiplication facts as a foundation for mathematics learning in elementary school. The study aimed to describe the learning difficulties experienced by fourth-grade students of MI NW Badrussalam in multiplication and division of hundreds numbers. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with the teacher and fourth-grade students, as well as documentation of students’ multiplication memorization records. Data analysis was conducted through data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that the students’ main difficulty stemmed from weak mastery of basic multiplication facts. Many students had not memorized basic multiplication properly, causing difficulties in solving long multiplication and division problems involving hundreds numbers. These findings were supported by documentation data indicating that most students had not mastered the multiplication sequences from 1 to 15. Therefore, weak mastery of basic multiplication facts became the main factor affecting students’ ability to solve more complex arithmetic operations. This study is expected to serve as a reflection for teachers in designing more effective learning strategies to strengthen students’ mastery of basic multiplication facts.
Downloads
References
Alfiyatin, Y. (2023). Diagnosis kesulitan belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran matematika di SDN Tellok 1 Galis Bangkalan. Jurnal Konseling Pendidikan Islam, 4(1), 219–232. https://jurnalalkhairat.org/ojs/index.php/jkpi/article/view/191
Anisa, W. N., Cahyadi, F., & Rahmawati, I. (2023). Pengaruh media permainan ular tangga terhadap hasil belajar dan pemahaman konsep pada mata pelajaran matematika siswa kelas IV SDN Lebaksiu Kidul 04. Jurnal Wawasan Pendidikan, 3(1), 427–439. https://doi.org/10.26877/wp.v3i1.11936
Arafah, A. A., Sukriadi, S., & Samsuddin, A. F. (2023). Implikasi teori belajar konstruktivisme pada pembelajaran matematika. Jurnal Pendidikan MIPA, 13(2), 358–366. https://doi.org/10.37630/jpm.v13i2.946
Fariana, A. N., Nahli, N. M., Herdiawal, H., Fuadi, A., & Nurjannah, N. (2022). Diagnostik kesulitan belajar matematika siswa pada materi FPB & KPK kelas V SD Negeri. Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar dan Keguruan, 7(2), 1–7.
https://journal.uiad.ac.id/index.php/JPDK/article/view/995
Febrianti, R., Nurfitriani, S., & Atriani, I. (2025). Pembelajaran operasi hitung dasar bilangan cacah menggunakan media interaktif Wordwall di kelas 3 SD. Karimah Tauhid, 4(9), 7107–7117. https://doi.org/10.30997/karimahtauhid.v4i9.20970
Handika, H. H., Zubaidah, T., & Witarsa, R. (2022). Analisis teori perkembangan kognitif Jean Piaget dan implikasinya dalam pembelajaran matematika di sekolah dasar. Didaktis: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Pengetahuan, 22(2), 124–140. https://journal.um-surabaya.ac.id/didaktis/article/view/11685
Karlina, L., Yandari, I. A. V., & Alamsyah, T. P. (2024). Pengembangan permainan Multiply Card pada materi operasi hitung perkalian dalam pembelajaran kontekstual di sekolah dasar. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Citra Bakti, 11(2), 358–368.
https://doi.org/10.38048/jipcb.v11i2.2774
Lisnawati, D., Karlimah, K., & Apriani, I. F. (2024). Pengaruh media cup perkalian (CUPPER) terhadap kemampuan fakta dasar kali siswa kelas II SD. COLLASE (Creative of Learning Students Elementary Education), 7(2), 339–346.
https://doi.org/10.22460/collase.v7i2.19256
Manar, F. K., Adrias, A., & Syam, S. S. (2025). Analisis strategi dalam mengatasi kesulitan pemecahan pembagian bersusun pada soal cerita matematika di sekolah dasar. Bilangan: Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika, Kebumian dan Angkasa, 3(2), 22–29. https://doi.org/10.62383/bilangan.v3i2.459
Merdisinta, J. M., Syahrial, S., & Manurung, U. S. (2023). Kesulitan peserta didik dalam pembelajaran matematika materi perkalian dan pembagian di sekolah dasar. Jurnal Didaktika Pendidikan Dasar, 7(3), 1003–1016.
https://ojsdikdas.kemendikdasmen.go.id/index.php/didaktika/article/view/1177
Muhammad, R. R., Hanifah, B., Azzahra, S., Fahmoza, S. H., & Anggoro, B. S. (2025). Critical thinking in arithmetic: Insights from Qur’an-memorizing students. Kognitif: Jurnal Riset HOTS Pendidikan Matematika, 5(4), 1494–1505.
https://www.etdci.org/journal/kognitif/article/view/2341
Nadapdap, I. K., Hasugian, A., Togatorop, M. F., Rahmi, A., & Sihombing, W. L. (2025). Analisis miskonsepsi pada materi operasi bilangan bulat dan pecahan pada buku pembelajaran matematika. Pendas: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 10(03), 250–261. https://doi.org/10.23969/jp.v10i03.33377
Ni'mah, S. N., Chusna, C. A., & Izzah, A. N. L. (2025). Pengaruh Word Problem Card terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis materi perkalian di SD Tahfidz Al Banjari. caXra: Jurnal Pendidikan Sekolah Dasar, 5(2), 886–895.
https://doi.org/10.31980/caxra.v5i2.3302
Nurhaswinda, N., & Parisu, C. Z. L. (2025). Kesulitan belajar matematika di sekolah dasar dan solusinya. Jurnal Pendidikan Multidisiplin, 1(1), 50–58.
https://doi.org/10.54297/jpmd.v1i1.884
Pujiarti, Y. (2022). Peningkatan hasil belajar matematika dalam menyelesaikan soal fakta dasar perkalian dengan Mathematical of Fingering System pada siswa kelas II SD Negeri 01 Padang Laweh. Jurnal Sakinah, 4(2), 35–39.
https://www.jurnal.stitnu-sadhar.ac.id/index/index.php/JS/article/view/117
Putri, D., & Habibie, Z. R. (2025). Students’ conceptual challenges in learning multiplication: Tantangan konseptual siswa dalam pembelajaran perkalian. Indonesian Journal of Innovation Studies, 26(4), 10–21070.
https://ijins.umsida.ac.id/index.php/ijins/article/view/1683
Rahmatih, A. N., Jiwandono, I. S., & Nisa, K. (2023). Diagnostik kesulitan belajar dengan three tier multiple choice untuk mengidentifikasi miskonsepsi pada siswa kelas V. Didaktik: Jurnal Ilmiah PGSD STKIP Subang, 9(3), 1132–1146.
https://doi.org/10.36989/didaktik.v9i3.1481
Sihombing, J. M., Syahrial, S., & Manurung, U. S. (2023). Kesulitan peserta didik dalam pembelajaran matematika materi perkalian dan pembagian di sekolah dasar. Jurnal Didaktika Pendidikan Dasar, 7(3), 1003–1016.
https://doi.org/10.26811/didaktika.v7i3.1177
Syam, N. (2024). Analisis pembelajaran remedial dan pengayaan pelajaran matematika kelas IV UPTD SD Negeri 30 Parepare. DIKDAS MATAPPA: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Dasar, 7(1), 116–123. https://doi.org/10.31100/dikdas.v7i1.3463
Wulandari, A. D., Mahfud, H., & Saputri,D. Y. (2025). Pengaruh teknik perkalian garis (cross-line) pada tahap ketiga teori Polya terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis. Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar, 13(1), 1–8. https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/JPD/article/view/77847
Zahrika, N. A., & Yulianto, S. (2026). Pengaruh motivasi belajar dan kemampuan memecahkan masalah terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas V SD. Paedagogie, 21(1), 451–458. https://doi.org/10.31603/paedagogie.v21i1.16199
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 EDUCATIONAL : Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan & Pengajaran

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.














