MODEL PEMBELAJARAN OUTDOOR LEARNING BERBASIS LINGKUNGAN ALAM UNTUK MENGEMBANGKAN LITERASI SAINS ANAK USIA DINI

Abstract

This study is based on the importance of developing scientific literacy in early childhood through concrete, active, and meaningful learning experiences. Young children need direct interaction with real objects and natural phenomena to understand basic science concepts, rather than relying only on verbal explanations in the classroom. This study aims to describe the implementation of a nature-based outdoor learning model to develop scientific literacy in early childhood. The research used a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study design at TK ABA WASUR II, involving group B children aged 5 to 6 years. The research subjects included children, classroom teachers, the school principal, and parents as supporting informants. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, then analyzed through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that nature-based outdoor learning encourages children to observe, ask questions, classify, experiment, and communicate simple findings from their observations. The children also developed environmental awareness through activities such as caring for plants, keeping the learning area clean, and avoiding damage to natural objects. Supporting factors included the availability of the school environment, children’s enthusiasm, and teacher readiness in planning exploratory activities. The obstacles included weather changes, safety supervision, limited supporting media, and differences in children’s language abilities. Therefore, nature-based outdoor learning can serve as an effective, contextual, and enjoyable learning model for developing scientific literacy in early childhood.

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pentingnya pengembangan literasi sains sejak usia dini melalui pembelajaran yang konkret, aktif, dan dekat dengan kehidupan anak. Anak usia dini membutuhkan pengalaman belajar langsung agar mampu memahami fenomena alam secara sederhana, bukan hanya melalui penjelasan verbal di dalam kelas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penerapan model pembelajaran outdoor learning berbasis lingkungan alam dalam mengembangkan literasi sains anak usia dini. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan jenis studi kasus di TK ABA WASUR II pada anak kelompok B usia 5 sampai 6 tahun. Subjek penelitian meliputi anak, guru kelas, kepala sekolah, dan orang tua sebagai informan pendukung. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa outdoor learning berbasis lingkungan alam mampu mendorong anak untuk mengamati, bertanya, mengklasifikasi, mencoba, dan mengomunikasikan hasil pengamatan secara sederhana. Anak juga menunjukkan sikap peduli terhadap lingkungan melalui kegiatan merawat tanaman, menjaga kebersihan, dan tidak merusak objek alam. Faktor pendukung pembelajaran meliputi ketersediaan lingkungan sekolah, antusiasme anak, dan kesiapan guru. Faktor penghambat meliputi cuaca, keamanan, keterbatasan media, dan variasi kemampuan bahasa anak. Dengan demikian, outdoor learning berbasis lingkungan alam dapat menjadi model pembelajaran yang efektif, kontekstual, dan menyenangkan untuk mengembangkan literasi sains anak usia dini.