PENGARUH KEBERHASILAN TEKNIK LATCH BAYI INISIASI MENYUSUI DINI : NARRATIVE REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/healthy.v5i4.15308Keywords:
LATCH Score, Inisiasi Menyusu Dini, ASI Eksklusif, Teknik Menyusui, Narrative ReviewAbstract
ABSTRACT
Breast milk is the optimal source of nutrition for infants, while Early Initiation of Breastfeeding (EIBF) is an important step in successful breastfeeding. Breastfeeding success can be assessed using the LATCH Score, which comprises Latch, Audible Swallowing, Type of Nipple, Comfort, and Hold. Although various studies have examined factors associated with LATCH success, findings vary according to population characteristics. This study aimed to review, compare, and synthesize scientific evidence on factors associated with LATCH success among infants undergoing EIBF. A Narrative Review was conducted on national and international articles published between 2021 and 2025, retrieved from PubMed, Google Scholar, SpringerLink, PLOS ONE, MDPI, BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, and SINTA-accredited journals. A total of 15 articles met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed using narrative synthesis. The findings showed that early postpartum LATCH assessment was associated with early identification of breastfeeding difficulties; higher LATCH scores were associated with more optimal breastfeeding and greater likelihood of exclusive breastfeeding; while delivery type was associated with initial breastfeeding conditions and the implementation of EIBF and skin-to-skin contact. Education, counseling, and lactation support were also consistently associated with optimization of breastfeeding. The synthesis indicates that LATCH success is multidimensional and is not determined by delivery type alone.
ABSTRAK
Air Susu Ibu (ASI) merupakan sumber nutrisi terbaik bagi bayi, sedangkan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD) menjadi langkah penting dalam keberhasilan menyusui. Keberhasilan proses menyusui dapat dinilai menggunakan LATCH Score yang mencakup Latch, Audible Swallowing, Type of Nipple, Comfort, dan Hold. Meskipun berbagai penelitian membahas faktor yang berkaitan dengan keberhasilan LATCH, temuan masih bervariasi berdasarkan karakteristik populasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menelaah, membandingkan, dan mensintesis bukti ilmiah mengenai faktor yang berhubungan dengan keberhasilan LATCH pada bayi yang menjalani IMD. Metode yang digunakan adalah Narrative Review terhadap artikel nasional dan internasional tahun 2021–2025 dari PubMed, Google Scholar, SpringerLink, PLOS ONE, MDPI, BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, dan jurnal terakreditasi SINTA. Sebanyak 15 artikel memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan dianalisis menggunakan narrative synthesis. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa penilaian LATCH pada awal postpartum berkaitan dengan deteksi dini kesulitan menyusui; skor LATCH yang lebih tinggi berkaitan dengan proses menyusui yang lebih optimal dan peluang ASI eksklusif yang lebih besar; sedangkan tipe persalinan berkaitan dengan kondisi awal menyusui serta pelaksanaan IMD dan skin-to-skin contact. Edukasi, konseling, dan dukungan laktasi juga secara konsisten ditemukan berkaitan dengan optimalisasi proses menyusui. Sintesis menunjukkan bahwa keberhasilan LATCH bersifat multidimensional dan tidak ditentukan oleh tipe persalinan saja.
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