STRATEGI MANAJEMEN SEKOLAH DALAM PENCEGAHAN BULLYING MELALUI PROGRAM SEKOLAH RAMAH ANAK DI SD KEMALA BHAYANGKARI BALIKPAPAN

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Bullying remains a persistent concern in educational settings because it can undermine students’ sense of safety, social relationships, emotional development, and learning processes. This study focuses on the implementation of the Child-Friendly School Program (SRA) as a strategy for preventing bullying at SD Kemala Bhayangkari Balikpapan. A qualitative approach with a case study design was employed. Informants were selected through purposive sampling and included the principal, teachers, students, and parents. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, while data trustworthiness was established through source, technique, and time triangulation, as well as member checking. Data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña. The findings indicate that the SRA program has been integrated into the school culture through child protection policies, child-friendly learning, character education, positive behavior habituation, counseling, classroom agreements, educational media, reporting mechanisms, and parenting activities. Bullying prevention is strengthened through teachers’ roles as educators, emotional companions, conflict mediators, and behavioral role models, supported by collaboration between the school and families. Implementation is supported by school leadership, teacher capacity, student participation, communication, facilities, and school culture, but challenges remain in understanding verbal bullying, supervision outside school, parenting practices, social media influence, limited teacher time, and program sustainability. Thus, SRA can be understood as an ecosystem-based child protection strategy that requires sustained involvement from the entire school community and families.

ABSTRAK

Bullying masih menjadi persoalan dalam lingkungan pendidikan karena dapat mengganggu rasa aman, relasi sosial, perkembangan emosional, dan proses belajar peserta didik. Penelitian ini berfokus pada implementasi Program Sekolah Ramah Anak (SRA) sebagai strategi pencegahan bullying di SD Kemala Bhayangkari Balikpapan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus. Informan dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling, meliputi kepala sekolah, guru, peserta didik, dan orang tua. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi, kemudian keabsahannya diperiksa melalui triangulasi sumber, teknik, dan waktu serta member check. Analisis data menggunakan model interaktif Miles, Huberman, dan Saldaña. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa SRA telah diintegrasikan ke dalam budaya sekolah melalui kebijakan perlindungan anak, pembelajaran ramah anak, pendidikan karakter, pembiasaan perilaku positif, konseling, kesepakatan kelas, media edukasi, pelaporan, dan kegiatan parenting. Pencegahan bullying diperkuat melalui peran guru sebagai pendidik, pendamping emosional, mediator konflik, dan teladan perilaku, serta kolaborasi antara sekolah dan keluarga. Implementasi didukung oleh kepemimpinan sekolah, kapasitas guru, partisipasi peserta didik, komunikasi, sarana prasarana, dan budaya sekolah, tetapi masih menghadapi hambatan berupa pemahaman bullying verbal, pengawasan di luar sekolah, pola asuh, pengaruh media sosial, keterbatasan waktu guru, dan keberlanjutan program. Dengan demikian, SRA dapat dipahami sebagai strategi perlindungan anak berbasis ekosistem yang memerlukan keterlibatan berkelanjutan seluruh warga sekolah dan keluarga.