KESIAPAN GURU DALAM MENGINTEGRASIKAN KECERDASAN BUATAN DALAM PEMBELAJARAN: TREN, TANTANGAN, KOMPETENSI, DAN KESENJANGAN PENELITIAN DALAM SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

ABSTRACT

The development of artificial intelligence (AI) in education provides opportunities to improve learning effectiveness, personalization, creativity, and efficiency; however, teachers’ readiness to integrate AI remains uneven, particularly in terms of technical, pedagogical, ethical, and professional development competencies. This study aims to analyze research trends, required teacher competencies, challenges of AI integration, and research gaps concerning teacher readiness. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted on 20 scientific articles published between 2021 and 2026. The literature was searched through relevant scientific publication databases using keywords related to “teacher readiness,” “AI readiness,” “AI literacy,” “teacher AI competence,” and AI integration in teaching and learning. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis and narrative synthesis. The findings indicate that teacher readiness is multidimensional, encompassing AI literacy, technical and pedagogical competencies, ethics, psychological readiness, professional development, and institutional support. Major challenges include limited training, prompt-writing skills, infrastructure, policies, privacy, algorithmic bias, and AI-related anxiety. AI integration requires continuous competency development, institutional support, and clear ethical policies.

ABSTRAK

Perkembangan kecerdasan buatan (AI) dalam pembelajaran memberikan peluang untuk meningkatkan efektivitas, personalisasi, kreativitas, dan efisiensi pembelajaran, tetapi kesiapan guru dalam mengintegrasikan AI masih belum merata, terutama pada aspek kompetensi teknis, pedagogis, etika, dan pengembangan profesional. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis tren penelitian, kompetensi yang diperlukan, tantangan integrasi AI, serta kesenjangan penelitian mengenai kesiapan guru. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) terhadap 20 artikel ilmiah yang diterbitkan pada periode 2021–2026. Literatur ditelusuri melalui basis data publikasi ilmiah menggunakan kata kunci terkait teacher readiness, AI readiness, AI literacy, teacher AI competence, dan integrasi AI dalam pembelajaran. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis tematik dan sintesis naratif. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa kesiapan guru bersifat multidimensional, mencakup literasi AI, kompetensi teknis dan pedagogis, etika, kesiapan psikologis, pengembangan profesional, serta dukungan institusional. Tantangan utama meliputi keterbatasan pelatihan, kemampuan prompt, infrastruktur, kebijakan, privasi, bias, dan kecemasan terhadap AI. Integrasi AI memerlukan pengembangan kompetensi berkelanjutan, dukungan institusional, dan kebijakan etis yang jelas.