KEPEMIMPINAN TOKOH NOVEL NARNIA 4 PRINCE CASPIAN KARYA C.S. LEWIS DAN RELEVANSINYA SEBAGAI BAHAN AJAR SASTRA DI SMP

Abstract

ABSTRACT

The use of novels in literature learning has not been optimized to explore students’ leadership values and character, while studies examining the representation of leadership in the characters of Narnia 4 Prince Caspian by C. S. Lewis from the perspective of McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y and its relevance as a literature teaching material for junior high school students remain limited. This study aims to describe the leadership of the characters in the novel and analyze its relevance as literature teaching material at SMP Negeri 1 Comal. The study employed a descriptive qualitative approach with an embedded case study design. The data consisted of words, sentences, dialogues, and character actions obtained through novel reading, observation, interviews, and documentation. The informants consisted of two Indonesian language teachers of Grades VIII and IX who were purposively selected based on the relevance of their knowledge and experience to the research subject. Data were analyzed through the identification, classification, and interpretation of character behaviors based on the characteristics of McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y and the criteria for the relevance of literature teaching materials. The findings indicate that Theory X characteristics were represented through tendencies to procrastinate, neglect responsibilities, and experience fear in certain situations, whereas Theory Y characteristics were reflected in creativity, responsibility, initiative, cooperation, and motivation. The novel was considered relevant as teaching material in terms of language, psychology, and students’ cultural background because its conflicts and character behaviors provide concrete contexts for understanding leadership values. These findings indicate that the novel can be utilized in literature learning to support literary appreciation while providing opportunities for students to reflect on leadership character.

ABSTRAK

Pemanfaatan novel dalam pembelajaran sastra belum optimal untuk menggali nilai kepemimpinan dan karakter peserta didik, sementara kajian mengenai representasi kepemimpinan tokoh dalam Narnia 4 Prince Caspian karya C. S. Lewis melalui perspektif Teori X dan Teori Y McGregor serta relevansinya sebagai bahan ajar sastra SMP masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan kepemimpinan tokoh dalam novel tersebut serta menganalisis relevansinya sebagai bahan ajar sastra di SMP Negeri 1 Comal. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus terpancang (embedded case study). Data berupa kata, kalimat, dialog, dan tindakan tokoh diperoleh melalui pembacaan novel, observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Informan penelitian berjumlah dua orang guru Bahasa Indonesia kelas VIII dan IX yang dipilih secara purposif berdasarkan relevansi pengetahuan dan pengalaman mereka dengan objek penelitian. Data dianalisis melalui identifikasi, pengelompokan, dan interpretasi perilaku tokoh berdasarkan karakteristik Teori X dan Teori Y McGregor serta kriteria relevansi bahan ajar sastra. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik Teori X direpresentasikan melalui kecenderungan menunda pekerjaan, mengabaikan tanggung jawab, dan ketakutan terhadap situasi tertentu, sedangkan Teori Y tampak melalui kreativitas, tanggung jawab, inisiatif, kemampuan bekerja sama, dan motivasi. Novel relevan sebagai bahan ajar ditinjau dari aspek bahasa, psikologi, dan latar belakang budaya karena konflik serta perilaku tokohnya menyediakan konteks konkret untuk memahami nilai kepemimpinan. Temuan tersebut menunjukkan bahwa novel dapat dimanfaatkan dalam pembelajaran sastra untuk mendukung apresiasi karya sekaligus membuka ruang refleksi terhadap karakter kepemimpinan peserta didik.