PENGARUH MOTIVASI INTRINSIK, MOTIVASI EKSTRINSIK, SOCIAL SUPPORT, DAN SELF-EFFICACY TERHADAP KINERJA PETUGAS PENJARINGAN KASUS TUBERKULOSIS BERDASARKAN SELF-DETERMINATION THEORY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/cendekia.v6i2.9817Keywords:
Tuberkulosis, Motivasi Intrinsik, Motivasi Ekstrinsik, Self-efficacy, Self-Determination TheoryAbstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health concern, with Indonesia contributing substantially to the global burden. In Tanggamus Regency, the case detection rate (CDR) for the 2021–2024 period has not yet reached the national target of 65%. Suboptimal case-finding performance is presumed to be associated with psychological and social factors, including intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, social support, and self-efficacy. This study aimed to examine the influence of these factors on TB case-finding performance using the Self-Determination Theory framework. A quantitative analytic study with a cross-sectional design was conducted among healthcare workers involved in TB programs. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire that met validity and reliability criteria. Data analysis employed Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to assess relationships among variables through path coefficients, R², and Q² values. The results indicated that most respondents demonstrated good levels of intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, self-efficacy, social support, and performance. Structural analysis revealed that intrinsic motivation was the most dominant factor influencing performance. Social support and self-efficacy contributed indirectly by strengthening intrinsic motivation, while extrinsic motivation showed a relatively minor effect. The model demonstrated strong explanatory power. Overall, internal factors were more influential than external factors in improving TB case-finding performance. Strengthening intrinsic motivation and self-efficacy through empowering strategies, supported by appropriate social support and proportional incentives, is recommended to enhance case detection outcomes.
ABSTRAK
Tuberkulosis (TB) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang signifikan, dengan Indonesia termasuk negara berkontribusi besar terhadap beban kasus global. Di Kabupaten Tanggamus, capaian case detection rate (CDR) periode 2021–2024 belum mencapai target nasional sebesar 65%. Rendahnya kinerja penjaringan kasus diduga berkaitan dengan faktor psikologis dan sosial, meliputi motivasi intrinsik, motivasi ekstrinsik, dukungan sosial, dan self-efficacy. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh faktor-faktor tersebut terhadap kinerja penjaringan kasus TB dengan menggunakan kerangka Self-Determination Theory. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif analitik dengan desain cross-sectional pada petugas kesehatan yang terlibat dalam program TB. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuesioner terstruktur yang telah memenuhi uji validitas dan reliabilitas. Analisis data menggunakan metode Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) untuk menguji hubungan antarvariabel melalui nilai path coefficient, R², dan Q². Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden memiliki tingkat motivasi intrinsik, motivasi ekstrinsik, self-efficacy, dukungan sosial, dan kinerja dalam kategori baik. Analisis struktural mengidentifikasi motivasi intrinsik sebagai faktor paling dominan dalam memengaruhi kinerja penjaringan kasus TB. Dukungan sosial dan self-efficacy berkontribusi secara tidak langsung melalui peningkatan motivasi intrinsik, sedangkan motivasi ekstrinsik memiliki pengaruh yang relatif kecil. Model yang dihasilkan memiliki daya jelaskan yang tinggi. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa faktor internal memiliki peran yang lebih kuat dibandingkan faktor eksternal dalam meningkatkan kinerja penjaringan kasus TB. Oleh karena itu, upaya peningkatan kinerja perlu diarahkan pada penguatan motivasi intrinsik dan self-efficacy melalui pendekatan yang bersifat memberdayakan, disertai dukungan sosial dan pemberian insentif yang proporsional.
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