NEO-SUFISME FAZLUR RAHMAN: REKONSTRUKSI SPIRITUALITAS ISLAM DALAM KONTEKS MODERNITAS

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Modernity has triggered a crisis of meaning, weakened moral orientation, and diminished spiritual depth, creating an urgent need for an Islamic spirituality paradigm that integrates inner experience with social responsibility. Although Fazlur Rahman’s thought has been widely discussed, the relationship between his moral hermeneutics, the concept of taqwa, and neo-Sufism as a paradigm for reconstructing Islamic spirituality remains insufficiently explored. This study aims to analyze how Fazlur Rahman’s neo-Sufism reconstructs Islamic spirituality through the integration of Qur’anic moral consciousness, inner spirituality, and social responsibility in responding to the challenges of modernity. The study employed a library research approach using content analysis of 16 relevant scholarly works. The findings reveal that Rahman’s neo-Sufism is constructed upon five interconnected themes: the critique of passive Sufism, double movement hermeneutics, taqwa as moral consciousness, prophetic ethics, and its relevance to modernity. These themes collectively establish a spiritual paradigm grounded in Qur’anic morality that integrates theological, ethical, and social dimensions. This study contributes a conceptual synthesis by positioning Fazlur Rahman’s neo-Sufism as an integrative, contextual, and transformative paradigm of Islamic spirituality for addressing contemporary societal challenges.

ABSTRAK

Modernitas telah memicu krisis makna, melemahnya orientasi moral, dan berkurangnya kedalaman spiritual sehingga diperlukan paradigma spiritualitas Islam yang mampu mengintegrasikan pengalaman batin dengan tanggung jawab sosial. Meskipun pemikiran Fazlur Rahman telah banyak dikaji, hubungan antara hermeneutika moral, konsep taqwa, dan neo-sufisme sebagai paradigma rekonstruksi spiritualitas Islam masih belum dikaji secara integratif. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis bagaimana neo-sufisme Fazlur Rahman merekonstruksi spiritualitas Islam melalui integrasi kesadaran moral Qur'ani, pengalaman batin, dan tanggung jawab sosial dalam menghadapi dinamika modernitas. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan library research dengan analisis isi terhadap 16 literatur ilmiah yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konstruksi neo-sufisme Fazlur Rahman dibangun melalui lima tema utama, yaitu kritik terhadap sufisme pasif, hermeneutika double movement, taqwa sebagai kesadaran moral, etika profetik, dan relevansinya terhadap modernitas. Kelima tema tersebut membentuk paradigma spiritualitas yang menempatkan moralitas Qur'ani sebagai dasar integrasi antara dimensi teologis, etis, dan sosial. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi konseptual dengan menawarkan sintesis neo-sufisme Fazlur Rahman sebagai paradigma spiritualitas Islam yang integratif, kontekstual, dan transformatif untuk merespons tantangan masyarakat modern.