PENGARUH PERAN TENAGA KESEHATAN DAN KEIKUTSERTAAN PROLANIS TERHADAP KUALITAS HIDUP PASIEN HIPERTENSI DI PUSKESMAS TELAGASARI KARAWANG
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/cendekia.v6i3.11427Keywords:
hypertension, quality of life, PROLANIS, health workers, Telagasari Health CenterAbstract
Background: Hypertension is a chronic disease with high prevalence that affects patients’ quality of life. The Chronic Disease Management Program (PROLANIS) at the primary level aims to improve quality of life through continuous education and monitoring. This study aimed to analyze the influence of knowledge, family support, the role of health workers, and participation in PROLANIS on the quality of life of hypertensive patients at Telagasari Community Health Center, Karawang, in 2025. Methods: The study used a quantitative analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of all hypertensive patients participating in PROLANIS at Telagasari Health Center (N = 60). The sample was taken by total sampling of 45 respondents who met the inclusion criteria. Quality of life was measured using the Indonesian version of EQ-5D-5L and EQ-VAS. Data analysis included univariate, bivariate (Chi-Square), and multivariate (binary logistic regression). Results: Most respondents were elderly (73.3%), had elementary education (55.6%), and had been PROLANIS participants for 2–3 years (68.9%). The majority had high knowledge (95.6%), good family support (100%), good health worker role (91.1%), and high quality of life (80%). Bivariate analysis showed significant relationships between the role of health workers (p = 0.004; OR = 17.5) and participation in PROLANIS (p = 0.006; OR = 9.1) with quality of life. Knowledge was not significantly related (p = 0.278), while family support could not be analyzed due to homogeneous data. Multivariate analysis confirmed that the role of health workers was the most dominant factor (OR = 17.5), followed by participation in PROLANIS (OR = 9.1). Conclusion: The role of health workers and participation in PROLANIS are the main determinants of the quality of life of hypertensive patients at Telagasari Health Center. Strengthening therapeutic communication, structured education, and active participation in PROLANIS should be optimized to improve the quality of life of hypertensive patients in primary care.
ABSTRAK
Latar belakang: Hipertensi merupakan penyakit kronis dengan prevalensi tinggi yang berdampak pada kualitas hidup pasien. Program Pengelolaan Penyakit Kronis (PROLANIS) di tingkat primer bertujuan meningkatkan kualitas hidup melalui edukasi dan pemantauan berkelanjutan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh pengetahuan, dukungan keluarga, peran tenaga kesehatan, dan keikutsertaan PROLANIS terhadap kualitas hidup pasien hipertensi di Puskesmas Telagasari Karawang tahun 2025. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan desain kuantitatif analitik dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Populasi adalah seluruh pasien hipertensi peserta PROLANIS di Puskesmas Telagasari (N = 60). Sampel diambil dengan total sampling sebanyak 45 responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Kualitas hidup diukur menggunakan instrumen EQ-5D-5L versi Indonesia dan EQ-VAS. Analisis data meliputi univariat, bivariat (Chi-Square), dan multivariat (regresi logistik biner). Hasil: Mayoritas responden berusia lansia (73,3%), berpendidikan SD (55,6%), dan telah menjadi peserta PROLANIS selama 2–3 tahun (68,9%). Sebagian besar memiliki pengetahuan tinggi (95,6%), dukungan keluarga baik (100%), peran tenaga kesehatan baik (91,1%), dan kualitas hidup tinggi (80%). Analisis bivariat menunjukkan hubungan signifikan antara peran tenaga kesehatan (p = 0,004; OR = 17,5) dan keikutsertaan PROLANIS (p = 0,006; OR = 9,1) dengan kualitas hidup. Pengetahuan tidak berhubungan signifikan (p = 0,278), sedangkan dukungan keluarga tidak dapat dianalisis karena data homogen. Analisis multivariat mengonfirmasi bahwa peran tenaga kesehatan merupakan faktor paling dominan (OR = 17,5), diikuti keikutsertaan PROLANIS (OR = 9,1). Simpulan: Peran tenaga kesehatan dan keikutsertaan PROLANIS menjadi determinan utama kualitas hidup pasien hipertensi di Puskesmas Telagasari. Penguatan komunikasi terapeutik, edukasi terstruktur, dan partisipasi aktif dalam PROLANIS perlu dioptimalkan untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien hipertensi di layanan primer.
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