ANALISIS POTENSI RAINWATER HARVESTING UNTUK KEBUTUHAN DOMESTIK DI KAWASAN PERKOTAAN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/vocational.v5i2.5677Keywords:
Air Bersih, Rainwater Harvesting, Kebutuhan Air DomestikAbstract
Access to clean water is an essential basic need for human life, especially in urban areas that are experiencing increasing population and urbanization. However, the overexploitation of groundwater and surface water, in conjunction with climate change-induced alterations in rainfall patterns, has precipitated a decline in the availability of potable water. Rainwater harvesting (RWH) systems present a compelling solution to the water crisis by collecting and storing rainwater from catchment areas, such as rooftops, for domestic use. The objective of this study is to analyze the impact of implementing a RWH system in a type 36 housing complex in Griya Dulomo Indah, Gorontalo City. The research methods employed include a rainfall catchment area analysis using the HEC-HMS, a rainfall analysis using the Thiessen Method, a rainfall intensity analysis using the Mononobe Method, and a rainfall discharge calculation using the Rational Method. The findings indicate that the RWH system has the capacity to generate 8.74 m³ of raw water, which meets approximately 80.94% of the domestic household's water requirements. The system has been demonstrated to reduce dependence on groundwater and PDAM, while also contributing to sustainable water management and urban flood risk mitigation. These findings substantiate the viability of RWH systems as a mitigation strategy for the consequences of climate change and the escalating demand for water in urban areas
ABSTRAK
Air bersih merupakan kebutuhan dasar yang sangat penting bagi kehidupan manusia, terutama di daerah perkotaan yang mengalami peningkatan jumlah penduduk dan urbanisasi. Namun, eksploitasi berlebihan terhadap air tanah dan air permukaan, serta perubahan iklim yang memengaruhi pola curah hujan, menyebabkan ketersediaan air bersih semakin menurun. Sistem pemanenan air hujan (rainwater harvesting/RWH) menjadi solusi alternatif yang efektif untuk mengatasi krisis air dengan mengumpulkan dan menyimpan air hujan dari area tangkapan seperti atap rumah untuk kebutuhan domestik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dampak penerapan sistem RWH pada kompleks perumahan tipe 36 di Griya Dulomo Indah, Kota Gorontalo. Metode penelitian meliputi analisis daerah tangkapan hujan menggunakan HEC-HMS, analisis curah hujan dengan Metode Thiessen, analisis intensitas hujan dengan Metode Mononobe, dan perhitungan debit hujan menggunakan Metode Rasional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem RWH dapat menghasilkan air baku sebesar 8,74 m³, memenuhi sekitar 80,94% kebutuhan air domestik rumah tangga. Sistem ini tidak hanya mengurangi ketergantungan pada air tanah dan PDAM, tetapi juga berkontribusi dalam pengelolaan air yang berkelanjutan dan mitigasi risiko banjir perkotaan. Temuan ini menegaskan potensi sistem RWH sebagai solusi adaptasi terhadap perubahan iklim dan peningkatan kebutuhan air di perkotaan.
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