BODY DISSATISFACTION DAN SELF-ESTEEM: STUDI KORELASIONAL PADA PEREMPUAN EMERGING ADULTHOOD
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/paedagogy.v6i1.8405Keywords:
Body Dissatisfaction, Self-Esteem, Emerging Adulthood, Perempuan, Citra TubuhAbstract
ABSTRACT
The increasing phenomenon of body dissatisfaction among women in emerging adulthood is often associated with the development of self-esteem. Body dissatisfaction is defined as a negative perception of body shape or size, accompanied by feelings of discomfort and dissatisfaction with physical appearance, whereas self-esteem refers to an individual’s overall evaluation of self-worth and self-acceptance. This study aimed to examine the relationship between body dissatisfaction and self-esteem levels among women in emerging adulthood. A quantitative correlational approach was employed, involving 338 female participants aged 18–25 years who were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ-34) and the Indonesian-adapted version of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. The results indicated a significant negative relationship between body dissatisfaction and self-esteem (r = ?0.496). Additional analyses revealed significant differences in body dissatisfaction and self-esteem based on body mass index (BMI) categories, with the majority of participants falling within the moderate level for both variables. These findings highlight the importance of a healthy and positive body perception in supporting the development of adaptive self-esteem among women in emerging adulthood. Future research is recommended to include other psychological variables or moderating factors to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of the determinants of self-esteem.
ABSTRAK
Fenomena meningkatnya ketidakpuasan tubuh (body dissatisfaction) pada perempuan usia emerging adulthood kerap dikaitkan dengan pembentukan harga diri (self-esteem). Body dissatisfaction dipahami sebagai persepsi negatif terhadap bentuk atau ukuran tubuh yang disertai rasa tidak nyaman dan ketidakpuasan terhadap penampilan fisik, sedangkan self-esteem merujuk pada penilaian individu terhadap nilai serta penerimaan diri secara keseluruhan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menguji hubungan antara body dissatisfaction dan tingkat self-esteem pada perempuan emerging adulthood. Pendekatan kuantitatif korelasional digunakan dengan melibatkan 338 partisipan perempuan berusia 18–25 tahun yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan instrumen Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ-34) dan Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale dalam adaptasi Bahasa Indonesia. Hasil analisis menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara body dissatisfaction dan self-esteem (r = -0.496). Analisis tambahan juga menemukan perbedaan signifikan body dissatisfaction dan self-esteem berdasarkan kategori indeks massa tubuh (BMI), dengan mayoritas partisipan berada pada kategori tingkat sedang untuk kedua variabel. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya persepsi tubuh yang sehat dan positif dalam mendukung pembentukan self-esteem yang adaptif pada perempuan emerging adulthood. Penelitian selanjutnya disarankan untuk melibatkan variabel psikologis lain atau faktor moderator guna memperoleh pemahaman yang lebih komprehensif mengenai determinan self-esteem.
References
ALAhmari, T., Alomar, A. Z., ALBeeybe, J., Asiri, N., ALAjaji, R., ALMasoud, R., & Al-Hazzaa, H. M. (2019). Associations of self-esteem with body mass index and body image among Saudi college-age females. Eating and weight disorders : EWD, 24(6), 1199–1207. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-017-0471-0
Arnett, J. J. (2024). Emerging adulthood in a new century: Social and economic dynamics. Routledge.
Behera, N., & Khuntia, S. (2025). Self-esteem, self-objectification, appearance anxiety, resilience, and Gender: Testing A Moderated Mediational analysis. The Open Psychology Journal, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.2174/0118743501347628250114054620
De Coen, J., Verbeken, S., & Goossens, L. (2024). Body dissatisfaction and low self-esteem in elementary school-aged children: the role of media pressure and trust in parent–child relationships. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1228860. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1228860
Grogan, S. (2021). Body image: Understanding body dissatisfaction in men, women and children (4th ed.). Routledge.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2024, 1 April). Cara Mengukur Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT). https://ayosehat.kemkes.go.id/list-perangkat-ajar/cara-mengukur-indeks-massa-tubuh-imt
Komnas Perempuan. (2023). Siaran pers Komnas Perempuan terkait dugaan body checking dalam pemilihan Miss Universe Indonesia. https://komnasperempuan.go.id/siaran-pers-detail/siaran-pers-komnas-perempuan-terkait-dugaan-body-checking-dalam-pemilihan-miss-universe-indonesia
Liang, Z., Lingting, S., Ying, C., Xiaoyan, L., Yan, Z., Ronghua, Y., Dan, B., & Yanqiang, T. (2021). Focus on the Beauty of Body: The Mediation Role of Body Appreciation Between Perfectionism and Body-Related Shame and Body-Related Guilt. Frontiers in psychology, 12, 638641. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.638641
Linawati, B., & Helmi, A. F. (2025). The relationship between Instagram photo activity and body dissatisfaction in emerging adult women mediated by sociocultural attitudes. Jurnal Psikologi, 52(1), 15. https://doi.org/10.22146/jpsi.95914
Meland, E., Breidablik, H. J., Thuen, F., & Samdal, G. B. (2021). How body concerns, body mass, self-rated health and self-esteem are mutually impacted in early adolescence: a longitudinal cohort study. BMC Public Health, 21(1), 496. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10553-x
Mironica, A., Popescu, C. A., George, D., Tegze?iu, A. M., & Gherman, C. D. (2024). Social Media Influence on Body Image and Cosmetic Surgery Considerations: A Systematic review. Cureus, 16(7), e65626. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.65626
Montgomery, M., & Arnett, J. (2020). Erikson’s Young Adulthood and Emerging Adulthood Today. Journal of Child and Youth Care Work, 25, 206–213. https://doi.org/10.5195/jcycw.2015.82
Moreau, S., Bennett, L., & Matthews, B. (2024). Shame as a Mediator Between Body Dissatisfaction and Disordered Eating Attitudes. Journal of Adolescent and Youth Psychological Studies, 5(11), 153–162. https://doi.org/10.61838/kman.jayps.5.11.18
Paterna, A., Alcaraz-Ibáñez, M., Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, M., & Sicilia, Á. (2021). Internalization of body-shape ideals and body dissatisfaction: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 54(9), 1575–1600. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.23568
Prichard, I., Kavanagh, E., Mulgrew, K. E., Lim, M. S. C., & Tiggemann, M. (2020). The effect of Instagram #fitspiration images on young women’s mood, body image, and exercise behaviour. Body Image, 33, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.02.002
Quittkat, H.?L., Hartmann, A.?S., Düsing, R., Buhlmann, U., & Vocks, S. (2019). Body dissatisfaction, importance of appearance, and body appreciation in men and women over the lifespan. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 10, 864. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00864
Rosenberg, M., Schooler, C., Schoenbach, C., & Rosenberg, F. (1995). Global self-esteem and specific self-esteem: Different concepts, different outcomes. American Sociological Review, 60(1), 141–156. https://doi.org/10.2307/2096350
Rosenqvist, E., Konttinen, H., Berg, N., & Kiviruusu, O. (2024). Development of body dissatisfaction in women and men at different educational levels during the life course. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 31(5), 718–729. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-023-10213-x
Sánchez-Queija, I., Domínguez-Alarcón, P., Díez, M., & Parra, Á. (2024). Identity development and adjustment during emerging adulthood from a gender perspective. The British journal of developmental psychology, 42(2), 133–148. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjdp.12470
Sanchez-Sanchez, H., Schoeps, K., & Montoya-Castilla, I. (2025). Emotion Regulation Strategies and Psychological Well-Being in Emerging Adulthood: Mediating Role of Optimism and Self-Esteem in a University Student Sample. Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 15(7), 929. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15070929
Shchebetenko, S., De-Marchis, G., & Lozhnikova, A. (2022). Is self-esteem increasing during emerging adulthood? A two-wave case from Russia. Personality and Individual Differences, 194, 111657. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2022.111657
She, X., Gao, T. Y., Ma, R. S., Tang, D., Zhong, H., & Dong, H. L. (2023). Relationship among positive self-esteem, physical literacy, and physical activity in college students: a study of a mediation model. Frontiers in psychology, 14, 1097335. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1097335
Silva, R. C., & Steins, G. (2023). Social media and body dissatisfaction in young adults: An experimental investigation of the effects of different image content and influencing constructs. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1037932. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1037932
Tuval-Mashiach, R., Levy, D., Refaeli, T., Polak-Verdiger, N., Zeira, A., & Benbenishty, R. (2019). Between being unique and being like everyone else: The development of sense of agency in young women at risk. Children and Youth Services Review, 107, 104524. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.104524
Vartanian, L. R., & Hayward, L. E. (2020). Dimensions of internalization relevant to the identity disruption model of body dissatisfaction. Body image, 32, 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2019.10.008
Wang, Y., Wang, X., Liu, H., Xie, X., Wang, P., & Lei, L. (2020). Selfie posting and self-esteem among young adult women: A mediation model of positive feedback and body satisfaction. Journal of health psychology, 25(2), 161–172. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105318787624
Warna-Warni Waktu campaign: improving Indonesian girls’ self-esteem and body image - The Shorty Awards. (n.d.). http://shortyawards.com/15th/warna-warni-waktu-campaign-improving-indonesian-girls-self-esteem-and-body-image
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Joan Andriona, Pamela Hendra Heng, Hanna Christina Uranus
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
