PERAN PENDIDIKAN LITERASI DIGITAL DALAM BELA NEGARA: MENGATASI DISINFORMASI DAN POLARISASI DI ERA MEDIA SOSIAL

Ameylia Nazarina; Jodi Soebagio; Reagan Alexandre; Fredrick Yappy; Novenda M. M Lontoh

doi:10.51878/paedagogy.v5i4.7754

Authors

Ameylia Nazarina Universitas Tarumanagara
Jodi Soebagio Universitas Tarumanagara
Reagan Alexandre Universitas Tarumanagara
Fredrick Yappy Universitas Tarumanagara
Novenda M. M Lontoh Universitas Tarumanagara

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51878/paedagogy.v5i4.7754

Keywords:

Hoaks, Polarisasi, Literasi Digital, Bela Negara

Abstract

Hoaxes have become an increasingly concerning phenomenon in the digital era because they can influence people's thinking, degrade the quality of information, and cause social polarization. The spread of hoaxes is driven by low digital literacy, cognitive biases, and social media algorithms that exacerbate polarization. This study aims to identify the impact of digital literacy in combating hoaxes and preventing polarization in society. The method used is a systematic literature review of academic articles published between 2019 and 2025. The results show that digital literacy plays a crucial role in enhancing critical thinking, recognizing fake news, and fostering wise attitudes in using social media. Digital literacy can also be seen as part of modern national defense efforts that support social unity and national resilience. In conclusion, to build a society resilient to hoaxes, comprehensive improvement in digital literacy, including technical, cognitive, and socio-emotional skills, is necessary.

ABSTRAK

Hoaks merupakan fenomena yang semakin mengkhawatirkan di era digital karena dapat memengaruhi pola pikir masyarakat, menurunkan kualitas informasi, dan menyebabkan polarisasi sosial. Penyebaran hoaks ini dipicu oleh rendahnya literasi digital, bias kognitif, dan algoritma media sosial yang memperburuk polarisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dampak literasi digital dalam mengatasi hoaks dan mencegah polarisasi di masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan adalah tinjauan literatur sistematik terhadap artikel-artikel ilmiah yang diterbitkan antara 2019 hingga 2025. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa literasi digital memiliki peran penting dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis, mengenali berita palsu, dan membentuk sikap bijak dalam menggunakan media sosial. Literasi digital juga dapat dianggap sebagai bagian dari upaya bela negara modern, yang mendukung persatuan sosial dan ketahanan bangsa. Kesimpulannya, untuk membangun masyarakat yang tangguh terhadap hoaks, diperlukan peningkatan literasi digital yang mencakup keterampilan teknis, kognitif, dan sosial-emosional.

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