DINAMIKA PENGEMBANGAN KURIKULUM DI ERA DIGITAL DALAM MENJAWAB KESENJANGAN KONSEP DAN PRAKTIK
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/learning.v5i3.6631Keywords:
kurikulum digital, ketimpangan pendidikan, literasi digitalAbstract
The transformation of education toward digitalization has become an urgent necessity in the era of globalization and technological advancement. However, the implementation of the digital curriculum in Indonesia still faces various challenges, particularly regarding the readiness of urban and rural schools and the lack of systemic support from the government. This study focuses on disparities in infrastructure readiness, digital literacy, teacher training, and incomplete government policies. The method used is descriptive qualitative through literature review and relevant secondary data. The findings show a significant gap in technological access between urban and rural schools, unsustainable teacher training, and inconsistent policies that do not fully support digital curriculum integration. Low digital literacy among students in rural areas exacerbates implementation barriers, as limited access to devices and internet networks prevents meaningful participation in modern learning. Moreover, government policies are often partial and lack proper monitoring and evaluation. The study concludes that without equitable infrastructure and continuous training, the digital curriculum risks widening the educational gap. An integrated strategy involving government, schools, and communities is essential to establish a fair, inclusive, and sustainable digital education system.
ABSTRAK
Transformasi pendidikan ke arah digital menjadi kebutuhan mendesak di era globalisasi dan perkembangan teknologi informasi. Namun, implementasi kurikulum digital di Indonesia masih menghadapi berbagai tantangan, terutama terkait kesiapan sekolah di wilayah perkotaan dan pedesaan serta kurangnya dukungan sistemik dari pemerintah. Penelitian ini berfokus pada ketimpangan kesiapan infrastruktur, literasi digital, pelatihan guru, serta kebijakan pemerintah yang belum menyeluruh. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kepustakaan (library research) disertai dengan data sekunder yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya kesenjangan akses teknologi antara sekolah perkotaan dan pedesaan, pelatihan guru yang tidak berkelanjutan, serta kebijakan yang belum konsisten dalam mendukung kurikulum digital. Rendahnya literasi digital siswa di daerah pedesaan memperparah hambatan implementasi, karena keterbatasan perangkat dan jaringan internet menghalangi mereka untuk terlibat dalam pembelajaran modern. Di sisi lain, kebijakan pemerintah sering bersifat parsial dan tidak disertai monitoring serta evaluasi yang memadai. Simpulan dari penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa tanpa pemerataan infrastruktur dan pelatihan berkelanjutan, kurikulum digital berisiko memperlebar ketimpangan pendidikan. Diperlukan strategi terpadu antara pemerintah, sekolah, dan masyarakat untuk menciptakan sistem pendidikan digital yang adil, inklusif, dan berkelanjutan.
Downloads
References
Adibah, I. Z., & Fadhilah, R. U. (2025). Digital innovation in Islamic religious education learning: A study of flipbook implementation. Ta'dib: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 30(1).
Ahiaku, P. K. A., et al. (2025). Rural schools and tech use for sustainability: The challenge of disconnection. Education and Information Technologies, 1–16.
Akbar, M., & Wijaya, G. (2024, Juni). Digital literacy of rural areas in Indonesia: Challenges and opportunities. Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Rural Socio-Economic Transformation, RUSET 2023, 1 November 2023, Bogor, Indonesia.
Ayu, L., & Anugerah, D. (2025). Strategi pembelajaran inovatif untuk meningkatkan motivasi dan prestasi belajar siswa di era digital. Jurnal Dinamika Sosial dan Sains, 2(1), 428–431.
Bravo, M. C. M., et al. (2021). Meta-framework of digital literacy: A comparative analysis of 21st-century skills frameworks. Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, (79), 76–109.
Darling-Hammond, L. (2021). Defining teaching quality around the world. European Journal of Teacher Education, 44(3), 295–308. https://doi.org/10.1080/02619768.2021.1919080
Dly, A. S., & Sulfiani, S. (2024). Transformasi pembelajaran melalui implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka: Studi kasus di SD Negeri Sokowaten Baru Bantul Yogyakarta. Ascent: Al-Bahjah Journal of Islamic Education Management, 2(2), 69–82.
Fadhil, I., & Sabic-El-Rayess, A. (2021). Providing equity of access to higher education in Indonesia: A policy evaluation. Indonesian Journal on Learning and Advanced Education (IJOLAE), 3(1), 57–75.
Fullan, M., & Langworthy, M. (2019). A rich seam: How new pedagogies find deep learning. Pearson.
González-Pérez, L. I., & Ramírez-Montoya, M. S. (2022). Components of education 4.0 in 21st century skills frameworks: Systematic review. Sustainability, 14(3), 1493.
Hasanbasri, H., & Nurhayuni, N. (2023). Sumber daya teknologi terhadap pelaksanaan kurikulum di era digital. Al-Mikraj: Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora, 4(1), 874–888.
Hazin, M., et al. (2025). Analyzing digitalization in education policy in Indonesia through the policy analysis triangle model. Journal of Posthumanism, 5(1), 998–1011.
Head, J., et al. (2023). Scaling up a technology-based literacy innovation: Evolution of the teacher professional development course. International Journal of Technology in Education (IJTE), 6(4), 541–560. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijte.541
Hidayat, N., et al. (2024). Exploring challenges and strategies for improving the quality of education: Integrative literature review. Indonesian Journal of Educational Research and Review, 7(1), 128–141. https://doi.org/10.23887/ijerr.v7i1.73824
Huang, R., et al. (2023). Educational technology: A primer for the 21st century. Springer Nature.
Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. (2023). Laporan monitoring implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka. Pusat Data dan Teknologi Informasi.
Kosmos, E., & Wisdom, K. (2021). Rural schools and the digital divide: Technology in the learning experience and challenges to integration. Theory & Practice in Rural Education (TPRE), 11(1), 25–39.
Kuputri, N. M. (2020, Desember). Digital divide: A critical approach to digital literacy in ‘Making Indonesia 4.0’. The 2nd Tarumanagara International Conference on the Applications of Social Sciences and Humanities (TICASH 2020), 1–6. Atlantis Press.
Kurniati, P., et al. (2022). Model proses inovasi Kurikulum Merdeka: Implikasinya bagi siswa dan guru abad 21. Jurnal Citizenship Virtues, 2(2), 408–423.
Lestari, Y. E., et al. (2024). The impact of digital learning policies on educational equity in rural Indonesian schools. International Journal of Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 1(2), 13–19. https://doi.org/10.62951/ijeepa.v1i2.74
Mishra, P., & Koehler, M. J. (2022). The TPACK framework: A decade later. Teachers College Record, 124(5), 1–24.
Moleong, L. J. (2020). Metodologi penelitian kualitatif. Remaja Rosdakarya.
Nasution, M. D. (2024). Perkembangan teknologi dan transformasi digital dalam dunia pendidikan. UMSU Press.
OECD. (2022). Supporting education and training through digital technologies: A review of policies and practices. OECD Education Working Papers, No. 242.
OECD. (2023). PISA 2022 results (Volume II): Learning during and after COVID-19. OECD Publishing.
Persatuan Guru Republik Indonesia. (2023). Survei kesiapan guru menghadapi kurikulum digital. PGRI Press.
Pradana, M. R. A., & Josiah, T. (2024). Application of technology in educational management in rural schools. Ensiklopedia: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Inovasi Pembelajaran Saburai, 4(01), 37–43.
Praekanata, I. W. I., et al. (2024). Menelusuri arah pendidikan: Dinamika dan inovasi kurikulum di Indonesia. PT. Sonpedia Publishing Indonesia.
Rusydiyah, E. F., et al. (2020). How to use digital literacy as a learning resource for teacher candidates in Indonesia. Cakrawala Pendidikan, 39(2), 305–318.
Samudra, D., et al. (2025). Innovation digital literacy public administration in Indonesia: National survey data. Citizen: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Indonesia, 5(2), 560–565. https://doi.org/10.53866/jimi.v5i2.757
Schleicher, A. (2019). World class: How to build a 21st-century school system. OECD Publishing.
Selwyn, N. (2023). Education and technology: Key issues and debates (edisi ke-3). Bloomsbury Academic.
Sholeh, M. I., et al. (2024). Manajemen kurikulum. Gita Lentera.
Sitasari, N. W. (2022). Mengenal analisa konten dan analisa tematik dalam penelitian kualitatif. Forum Ilmiah, 19(1), 77–84.
Sitopu, J. W., et al. (2023). Peningkatan kualitas guru: Pelatihan dan pengembangan profesional dalam pendidikan. Community Development Journal: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 4(6), 13441–13447.
Soekamto, H., et al. (2022). Professional development of rural teachers based on digital literacy. Emerging Science Journal, 6(6), 1525–1535.
Sugiyono. (2020). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif dan R&D. Alfabeta.
Suryana, E., et al. (2022). Teori konstruktivistik dan implikasinya dalam pembelajaran. JIIP-Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 5(7), 2070–2080.
Susanto, H. P. (2021). Pandemi dan anak bangsa menjadi pintar. Tsaqiva Publishing.
Thomas, O. A., & Abanikannda, M. O. (2023). Transforming teaching and learning through ICT: The role of academic staff in the new normal. International Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication Technology (IJEDICT), 19(1), 152–162.
Topuzov, M., et al. (2021). The model of professional development of natural science teachers of rural schools in the conditions of distance educational process. Information Technologies and Learning Tools, 85(5), 344.
UNESCO. (2021). Reimagining education for the digital age: A global framework for educational transformation. UNESCO Publishing.
UNESCO. (2021). Reimagining our futures together: A new social contract for education. UNESCO Publishing.
UNESCO. (2023). Global education monitoring report 2023: Technology in education. UNESCO.
Widiastuti, I. (2025). Assessing the impact of education policies in Indonesia: Challenges, achievement, and future direction. Al-Ishlah: Jurnal Pendidikan, 17(2), 1955–1964. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v17i2.6803
Ye, L., & Yang, H. (2020). From digital divide to social inclusion: A tale of mobile platform empowerment in rural areas. Sustainability, 12(6), 2424.
Young, M. S. (2019). Indonesia’s local content curriculum (LCC) initiative: Decentralization and perspectives from high school classrooms in Banten. Indonesian Research Journal in Education, 3(1), 141–167.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 LEARNING : Jurnal Inovasi Penelitian Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.













