DERIVATIONAL SUFFIXES ON ULANGEN IN THE KARO LANGUAGE BIBLE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/language.v6i1.9289Keywords:
Morphology, Derivational Suffixes, Karo Language, UlangenAbstract
ABSTRACT
This study aims to analyze derivational suffixes found in Ulangen of the Karo Language Bible. The focus of the study is to identify the types, functions, and meanings of derivational suffixes used in the text. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method. The data were taken from verses in Ulangen of the Karo Language Bible containing derivational suffixes and were collected through documentation techniques. The collected data were analyzed based on Yule’s theory of derivation. The findings show that there are three types of derivational suffixes found in Ulangen, namely suffix -ken, suffix -i, and suffix -en. Among these suffixes, suffix -ken is the most dominant and productive derivational suffix, primarily functioning to derive verbs with causative meanings. Suffix -i functions to derive verbs expressing actions, processes, or locative meanings, while suffix -en functions as a nominalizer forming nouns that express results, objects, or abstract concepts. The study concludes that derivational suffixes in the Karo language function to form new lexemes by changing meanings and, in some cases, lexical categories of base words. These findings support Yule’s theory that derivational morphology plays a crucial role in word formation. Furthermore, the consistent use of derivational suffixes in the Karo Language Bible indicates that religious texts provide reliable data for morphological analysis and contribute to the documentation of regional and minority languages.
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sufiks derivatif yang terdapat dalam Ulangen pada Alkitab Bahasa Karo. Fokus penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi jenis, fungsi, dan makna sufiks derivatif yang digunakan dalam teks tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data diambil dari ayat-ayat dalam Ulangen Alkitab Bahasa Karo yang mengandung sufiks derivatif dan dikumpulkan melalui teknik dokumentasi. Data yang telah dikumpulkan dianalisis berdasarkan teori derivasi yang dikemukakan oleh Yule. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga jenis sufiks derivatif yang ditemukan dalam Ulangen, yaitu sufiks -ken, sufiks -i, dan sufiks -en. Di antara ketiga sufiks tersebut, sufiks -ken merupakan sufiks derivatif yang paling dominan dan produktif, yang terutama berfungsi untuk membentuk verba bermakna kausatif. Sufiks -i berfungsi untuk membentuk verba yang menyatakan tindakan, proses, atau makna lokatif, sedangkan sufiks -en berfungsi sebagai penominal yang membentuk nomina yang menyatakan hasil, objek, atau konsep abstrak. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa sufiks derivatif dalam bahasa Karo berfungsi untuk membentuk leksem baru dengan mengubah makna dan, dalam beberapa kasus, kategori leksikal kata dasar. Temuan ini mendukung teori Yule yang menyatakan bahwa morfologi derivatif memiliki peran penting dalam pembentukan kata. Selain itu, penggunaan sufiks derivatif yang konsisten dalam Alkitab Bahasa Karo menunjukkan bahwa teks keagamaan dapat menjadi sumber data yang andal untuk analisis morfologis serta berkontribusi pada pendokumentasian bahasa daerah dan bahasa minoritas.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Romaito Marbun, Julia Carolina Ginting, Joy Aprilia Samosir, Esron Ambarita

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