MELUKAT SEBAGAI RITUAL PENYUCIAN DIRI DALAM BUDAYA BALI: TINJAUAN LITERATUR TENTANG POTENSI TERAPEUTIK DALAM KESEHATAN MENTAL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/healthy.v3i2.3440Keywords:
Melukat, Potensi Teraupetik, Kesehatan MentalAbstract
Mental health has become an increasingly urgent global issue in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. The Melukat ritual, a traditional Balinese purification practice, demonstrates significant therapeutic potential in enhancing mental well-being, with a holistic approach that encompasses physical, mental, and spiritual aspects. This study aims to review the literature on the Melukat ritual and its relevance to mental health. A literature review was conducted by examining studies related to the Melukat ritual and its effects on mental health. A thematic analysis approach was employed to synthesize findings from various sources. The Melukat ritual has been shown to be effective in reducing anxiety, improving mental well-being, and enhancing sleep quality. Neurobiological research indicates an increase in alpha and theta brainwave activity, which is associated with relaxation. The integration of Melukat with conventional therapy enhances the effectiveness of treatment, yielding better outcomes compared to conventional therapy alone (effect size d = 0.82 vs d = 0.45). The Melukat ritual holds significant therapeutic potential for mental health management. To optimize its benefits, the development of standardized protocols and cultural competence training for mental health practitioners is necessary.
ABSTRAK
Kesehatan mental menjadi isu global yang semakin mendesak pasca-pandemi COVID-19. Ritual Melukat, sebagai praktik purifikasi tradisional Bali, menunjukkan potensi terapeutik yang signifikan dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan mental, dengan pendekatan holistik yang mencakup aspek fisik, mental, dan spiritual. Studi ini bertujuan mengkaji literatur tentang ritual Melukat dan relevansinya dengan kesehatan mental. Tinjauan literatur dilakukan dengan mengkaji studi-studi terkait ritual Melukat dan dampaknya pada kesehatan mental, menggunakan pendekatan analisis tematik untuk mensintesis temuan dari berbagai sumber. Ritual Melukat terbukti efektif dalam mengurangi kecemasan, meningkatkan kesejahteraan mental, serta memperbaiki kualitas tidur. Penelitian neurobiologis menunjukkan peningkatan aktivitas gelombang alfa dan teta yang berkaitan dengan relaksasi. Integrasi Melukat dengan terapi konvensional meningkatkan efektivitas terapi, dengan hasil yang lebih baik dibandingkan terapi konvensional saja (effect size d = 0.82 vs d = 0.45). Ritual Melukat memiliki potensi terapeutik yang signifikan dalam pengelolaan kesehatan mental. Untuk mengoptimalkan manfaatnya, diperlukan pengembangan protokol standar dan pelatihan kompetensi budaya bagi praktisi kesehatan mental.
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