PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI DIGITAL DAN KECERDASAN BUATAN DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA BAGI PENUTUR ASING (BIPA)

Abstract

The transformation of Indonesian for Foreign Speakers (BIPA) learning is increasingly characterized by online platforms, interactive media, and artificial intelligence, while empirical evidence on their pedagogical functions, learning outcomes, and limitations remains dispersed across heterogeneous research designs. This study maps the forms of digital technology and artificial intelligence use, targeted language skills or competencies, reported benefits, and implementation challenges in BIPA learning. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted using the PRISMA 2020 flow for publications from 2022 to 2026. Indonesian sources were restricted to SINTA 2 and SINTA 3 journals, whereas international sources were used selectively when national evidence on artificial intelligence was insufficient and full open-access texts were available. The structured search log contained 26 unique records with initial relevance; 17 articles underwent full-text assessment and 14 empirical studies met the criteria for the primary synthesis. The findings reveal four dominant technology groups: web-based platforms and virtual learning environments, video or audiovisual media, interactive and gamified media, and artificial intelligence. Digital technologies mainly expand access, flexibility, interaction, cultural understanding, and opportunities to develop reading, speaking, and writing skills. Evidence on artificial intelligence remains more limited, although AI-based text-to-speech demonstrates strong potential for pronunciation training, while AI and augmented reality integration supports culturally oriented digital materials. Reported constraints include internet connectivity, limited generalizability, feedback accuracy, voice naturalness, cultural context, technology dependence, and data privacy. Digital technology and artificial intelligence are therefore best positioned as pedagogical supports that remain mediated by BIPA teachers.